BACnet Stack: pre-auth out-of-bounds read that escalates to an out-of-bounds write into global memory
BACnet Stack is a BACnet open source protocol stack C library for embedded systems. Prior to versions 1.4.6, 1.5.2, and 1.6.1, the BACnet/SC message decoder walks the header-option list by following each option's MORE bit. Nothing rejects a list whose last option still has the MORE bit set, and the decode walk has no upper bound on how many options it processes. A single crafted BVLC-SC frame makes the walk advance one option past the end of the message and read message[message_len], one byte out of bounds. When the bytes after the message carry more MORE-set option markers, the walk keeps going: it runs past the fixed 4-entry option array and writes decoded option fields out of bounds. On the server that decode array is the static global bsc_dm, so the out-of-bounds write lands in adjacent BSS. Both faults are reachable before authentication, from the first frame a peer sends on a BACnet/SC connection, and the bytes that follow the message are the same peer's prior-frame data. This issue has been patched in versions 1.4.6, 1.5.2, 1.6.1, and 1.7.0.