Wasmtime: Bit-packing in Cranelift compiler causes silent overflow and miscompilation

Wasmtime is a runtime for WebAssembly. Prior to 36.0.19 and 43.0.0, the Cranelift compiler backend bit-packs SSA value indices in a way that can silently overflow in release builds when compiling a sufficiently large or specially crafted Wasm function with many SSA values. The overflow can make Cranelift reference incorrect IR values, causing arbitrary miscompilation, type confusion, and other attacker-controlled effects that may escape the Wasm sandbox on any architecture using the default Cranelift backend. This issue is fixed in versions 36.0.19 and 43.0.0.

Lean 4 Kernel Type Checking Bypass via Mismatched Structure Projections

The Lean 4 kernel does not verify that the structure named in a projection expression matches the type of the value being projected, and environment::add_inductive in src/kernel/inductive.cpp did not type check the nested inductive applications that are replaced by auxiliary types, so their parametric arguments escaped checking. A metaprogram running in the Lean process can register an ill-typed nested inductive whose constructor applies a .proj C 0 projection to a value of the unrelated type W, and the kernel admits the declaration through the ordinary checked addDecl path at maximum kernel checking, without sorry, unsafeCast, debug.skipKernelTC, addDeclWithoutChecking, FFI, or a modified .olean file. The result is a type confusion yielding a proof of False that carries no axioms, from which any proposition can be derived. The published proof of concept additionally pads two expressions until their hashes and approximate depths collide, which defeats kernel caching; that is the technique used to reach the flaw, not its cause. Exploitation requires running a metaprogram in-process, for example by building a project or importing a malicious Lake dependency.

Type confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 152.0.7977.82 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code inside the sandbox via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)

Access of resource using incompatible type ('type confusion') vulnerability in Samsung Open Source Escargot allows Pointer Manipulation. This issue affects Escargot: before 779f6bedf58f334dec64b0a51ebb724b4708b84a.

Desktop Window Manager Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Access of resource using incompatible type ('type confusion') in Desktop Window Manager allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Windows Secure Kernel Mode Information Disclosure Vulnerability

Access of resource using incompatible type ('type confusion') in Windows Secure Kernel Mode allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.

Windows CD-ROM Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Access of resource using incompatible type ('type confusion') in Windows CD-ROM Driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Type Confusion Vulnerability Can Cause Unexpected System Termination

A type confusion issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.8, macOS Sonoma 14.8.8, macOS Tahoe 26.6. An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination.

Windows StateRepository API Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Access of resource using incompatible type ('type confusion') in Windows StateRepository API allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

RPC Runtime Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Access of resource using incompatible type ('type confusion') in RPC Runtime allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Windows Domain Name Service Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Access of resource using incompatible type ('type confusion') in DNS Server allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

VMX: VMentry failure with branch tracing and blocked states

For XSA-308 logic was introduced, as VMX VMEntry checks do not like the exact combination of state which occurs when #DB in intercepted, Single Stepping is active, and blocked by STI/MovSS is active, despite this being a legitimate state to be in. The resulting VMEntry failure is fatal to the guest. Sadly there is another special sub-case of the above, with branch tracing enabled. In that case the prior adjustment would still cause a VMentry failure, as before fatal to the guest.

Vyper 0.3.8 through 0.5.0b1 Memory Misread via Ternary Nested Array Selection

Vyper 0.3.8 through 0.5.0b1 contains a compiler miscompilation vulnerability in parse_IfExp that reads nested arrays with narrower inner bounds using the wider result type's memory layout. When a ternary selects the narrower array, inner arrays after the first are read at wrong offsets, causing contracts to silently store corrupted values or revert.

Seroval: `seroval.fromJSON()` Promise resolver type confusion invokes attacker-controlled methods during deserialization

Seroval facilitates JS value stringification, including complex structures beyond JSON.stringify capabilities. Prior to 1.5.3, seroval.fromJSON() allows attacker-controlled JSON Promise control nodes to operate on values from the general deserialization reference table without verifying genuine internal Promise resolver records, causing deserialization side effects with plugins enabled and potentially unintended server-side invocation or remote code execution when downstream frameworks register callable wrappers. This issue is fixed in version 1.5.3.

Memory safety bug fixed in Thunderbird 152

Memory safety bug fixed in Thunderbird 152. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 152, Firefox ESR 140.12, Thunderbird 152, and Thunderbird 140.12.

bpf: Mark signal tracepoint siginfo arguments as scalar

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Mark signal tracepoint siginfo arguments as scalar The signal_generate and signal_deliver tracepoints declare their info argument as a struct kernel_siginfo pointer. btf_ctx_access() therefore treats it as a trusted pointer for tp_btf programs. Signal delivery also uses SEND_SIG_NOINFO and SEND_SIG_PRIV as special values for this argument. Those values are zero and one respectively, and are not pointers. A tp_btf program can currently dereference either value and fault the kernel. In particular, signal_generate can run from timer interrupt context, turning the fault into a kernel panic. Record both tracepoints in raw_tp_null_args[] and mark argument one as a non-pointer. This preserves scalar access to the cookie while rejecting direct and helper-mediated pointer use. Merely marking it nullable would not suffice because SEND_SIG_PRIV is nonzero.

bpf: don't rewrite bpf_fastcall patterns entered by a jump

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: don't rewrite bpf_fastcall patterns entered by a jump mark_fastcall_pattern_for_call() must ensure that matched "spill; call; fill" instruction series is not interrupted by a jump. Otherwise the rewrite applied by bpf_remove_fastcall_spills_fills() is not sound. Record the instructions targeted by jumps in insn_aux_data[*].jump_target when the CFG is built and use this flag to stop growing a pattern at such an instruction. Jumps to the first spill are fine. Note that existing insn_aux_data[*].jmp_point field can't be reused, as it marks subprogram return instructions.

bpf: Mark NULL kptr stores precise

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Mark NULL kptr stores precise check_map_kptr_access() permits a scalar store into an untrusted kptr field only when the register is known to contain zero. Unlike other verifier checks whose outcome depends on a scalar value, it does not mark that register precise. A state checkpoint reached with an imprecise zero can therefore prune a second path that reaches the store with an arbitrary nonzero scalar. The program can write attacker-controlled bits into the kptr field and load them back as a PTR_TO_BTF_ID. Call mark_chain_precision() before accepting a known-zero register. This forces state equivalence to compare its scalar range and makes the verifier visit and reject a path carrying a nonzero value.

hwmon: (pmbus) Fix type confusion in notification logic

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: hwmon: (pmbus) Fix type confusion in notification logic Sashiko reports: At the start of the loop in pmbus_notify(), the code unconditionally casts every attribute to a struct sensor_device_attribute: drivers/hwmon/pmbus/pmbus_core.c:pmbus_notify() { for (i = 0; i < data->num_attributes; i++) { struct device_attribute *da = to_dev_attr(data->group.attrs[i]); struct sensor_device_attribute *attr = to_sensor_dev_attr(da); int index = attr->index; ... } However, data->group.attrs can contain other types like struct pmbus_samples_reg or struct pmbus_sensor, which only embed a base struct device_attribute. If da is a struct pmbus_samples_reg, dev_attr is the last member. Casting it to struct sensor_device_attribute and reading the index field appears to access memory past the end of the allocation, which might trigger a slab-out-of-bounds read. Additionally, if da is a struct pmbus_sensor, casting it causes the index field to overlap with the page, phase, and reg fields. Could this produce a garbage mask on little-endian systems that spuriously matches the target reg, page, and flags during an alert? Fix the problem by using struct sensor_device_attr in struct pmbus_sensor and struct pmbus_label. Since those attributes never trigger a notification, set the value of attr->index to -1 for them. Use this value to distinguish from boolean attributes which _can_ trigger a notification and use the index field to encode mask, page, and register values.

Windows Device Association Service Information Disclosure Vulnerability

Access of resource using incompatible type ('type confusion') in Windows Device Association Service allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.