{"containers": {"cna": {"affected": [{"product": "n/a", "vendor": "n/a", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "n/a"}]}], "datePublic": "2016-08-04T00:00:00.000Z", "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "IBM WebSphere Application Server (WAS) 7.x before 7.0.0.43, 8.0.0.x before 8.0.0.13, 8.5.0.x before 8.5.5.10, 8.5.0.x and 16.0.0.x Liberty before Liberty Fix Pack 16.0.0.3, and 9.0.0.x before 9.0.0.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via crafted SIP messages."}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"description": "n/a", "lang": "en", "type": "text"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"dateUpdated": "2017-08-15T09:57:01.000Z", "orgId": "9a959283-ebb5-44b6-b705-dcc2bbced522", "shortName": "ibm"}, "references": [{"tags": ["x_refsource_CONFIRM"], "url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21984796"}, {"name": "92354", "tags": ["vdb-entry", "x_refsource_BID"], "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/92354"}, {"name": "PI61548", "tags": ["vendor-advisory", "x_refsource_AIXAPAR"], "url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg1PI61548"}, {"name": "1036514", "tags": ["vdb-entry", "x_refsource_SECTRACK"], "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1036514"}], "x_legacyV4Record": {"CVE_data_meta": {"ASSIGNER": "psirt@us.ibm.com", "ID": "CVE-2016-2960", "STATE": "PUBLIC"}, "affects": {"vendor": {"vendor_data": [{"product": {"product_data": [{"product_name": "n/a", "version": {"version_data": [{"version_value": "n/a"}]}}]}, "vendor_name": "n/a"}]}}, "data_format": "MITRE", "data_type": "CVE", "data_version": "4.0", "description": {"description_data": [{"lang": "eng", "value": "IBM WebSphere Application Server (WAS) 7.x before 7.0.0.43, 8.0.0.x before 8.0.0.13, 8.5.0.x before 8.5.5.10, 8.5.0.x and 16.0.0.x Liberty before Liberty Fix Pack 16.0.0.3, and 9.0.0.x before 9.0.0.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via crafted SIP messages."}]}, "problemtype": {"problemtype_data": [{"description": [{"lang": "eng", "value": "n/a"}]}]}, "references": {"reference_data": [{"name": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21984796", "refsource": "CONFIRM", "url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21984796"}, {"name": "92354", "refsource": "BID", "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/92354"}, {"name": "PI61548", "refsource": "AIXAPAR", "url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg1PI61548"}, {"name": "1036514", "refsource": "SECTRACK", "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1036514"}]}}}, "adp": [{"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "shortName": "CVE", "dateUpdated": "2024-08-05T23:40:14.234Z"}, "title": "CVE Program Container", "references": [{"tags": ["x_refsource_CONFIRM", "x_transferred"], "url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21984796"}, {"name": "92354", "tags": ["vdb-entry", "x_refsource_BID", "x_transferred"], "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/92354"}, {"name": "PI61548", "tags": ["vendor-advisory", "x_refsource_AIXAPAR", "x_transferred"], "url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg1PI61548"}, {"name": "1036514", "tags": ["vdb-entry", "x_refsource_SECTRACK", "x_transferred"], "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1036514"}]}]}, "cveMetadata": {"assignerOrgId": "9a959283-ebb5-44b6-b705-dcc2bbced522", "assignerShortName": "ibm", "cveId": "CVE-2016-2960", "datePublished": "2016-08-08T01:00:00.000Z", "dateReserved": "2016-03-09T00:00:00.000Z", "dateUpdated": "2024-08-05T23:40:14.234Z", "state": "PUBLISHED"}, "dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.1"}

{}

{"configurations": [{"nodes": [{"cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "B0905C80-A1BA-49CD-90CA-9270ECC3940C", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "5FAC5F6C-D589-4337-88AD-4693AE953D9C", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "B108457A-50DC-4432-9E30-98ADBEBF2389", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "4A8FC820-48D5-4850-82F7-8DA4A18EFF51", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "0661F4A0-A520-4443-B19D-6885920ADFE5", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "A553A6E7-64AA-41F2-9B92-4EC715C617B0", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "9BFBDE57-3895-4841-B23C-06336A7016EB", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "CF56870A-F9D3-4544-B63A-EFC2E82A1F7D", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "30B7A7B9-FCD1-4509-93CF-C5B736B04F4B", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "C93D1CE2-1772-44C0-A8CB-73E9AA1AF6B8", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "90BA0923-4064-49D3-82A2-EEFC4B0F9A9C", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "6289CCB4-9A13-4BB5-B44E-7CA936DD8421", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.11:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "833256BB-E2A6-4FE9-BE4F-982578023E43", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "9631D69C-AFEC-4CFF-9190-3E5435EDCEC2", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.13:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "CE94EFF2-CA86-4179-8250-350DF0D2BE83", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.14:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "373412A5-2971-4C92-BAAE-A1B77D2DA723", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.15:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "920F69CD-DEDB-4393-BE6E-B837BA6820B9", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.16:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "7B5FE844-7F1C-4326-94EF-2CC0B4196085", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.17:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "5662B903-5480-403D-BC3D-2222F88264A6", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.18:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "3F830D7B-17C2-40B5-B4A4-7A99980F63AC", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.19:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "4D82C3F2-9C50-4D1A-B939-77FC53E44EDF", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.21:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "03E6BAB6-D0D8-4698-BCF9-05D5A256FD37", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.22:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "4EB7ACE7-6572-4D19-8E7A-BB9FC57AA343", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.23:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "EF042A51-E34A-482C-8601-9FD09E6C866A", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.24:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "075EC2D3-8A48-4103-910C-724A4CAF43DF", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.25:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "3BFE6260-F130-44E1-9A31-985153F51385", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.27:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "489E4427-4059-4026-B952-72364AFFC135", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.28:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "07170545-430F-493E-8EB1-0423774D4D94", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.29:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "B95D1940-E5AD-4B59-80B4-C3370BB03169", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.31:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "C7083F0E-57BA-4828-99E0-ECA8B54E2069", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.32:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "28C790DF-0D8B-473B-AC11-A6F02C81319E", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.33:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "799B6FA0-0094-4CE9-8C63-8DBFF45E7260", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.34:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "0E3C74F1-5CF6-4C35-9F5A-B9EFE8153992", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.35:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "ABEFAA7D-56F8-4F73-A4E9-1A164B889F2F", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.36:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "2D6CA79D-1B97-45EF-A40E-8ADD3644201B", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.37:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "C39BC1E7-EDF9-4AD6-BA15-4E750903B1F3", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.38:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "FE7083FC-586B-49C4-BEED-E8AF6F7DDE54", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.39:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "28AF3645-415B-40BA-8024-32F7A3FCB7AB", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:7.0.0.41:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "3FB480DC-1A90-45EA-8BE6-08F451E59CDD", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "07EBB48B-4EE2-4333-851E-BA1B104FBE92", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.0.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "AF1667C5-D19B-469C-82D5-8406B6D75EDE", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.0.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "89551609-69B7-452A-9CB2-04C12D268B41", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.0.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "AF27B7D7-4442-47CA-880D-D3B5412AEF9D", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.0.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "B595B048-4204-49B4-9497-B8D119C8784D", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.0.0.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "DC38B5D4-66A3-4671-9099-0F38D283BA94", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.0.0.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "B357DB53-061F-43D5-9E9F-5D5468A5805B", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.0.0.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "29ADADD2-EC21-4C45-A381-BC2091CD9F7B", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.0.0.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "2AD901DE-9258-40DA-A09B-B0CA9DCCF843", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.0.0.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "8C21DDD3-C1CF-4CB2-BA13-4807F17AC5E1", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.0.0.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "A6DBD14D-F0F2-4606-BC55-ECB6CCA3EF81", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.0.0.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "1F994982-0972-4AC2-A0AB-BD3E46F7AA60", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.0.0.11:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "7FAAF976-032D-49F7-AE25-29A85E371EBE", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.0.0.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "B2B4F3AE-880A-45C9-8E31-A1F2548E58CF", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.5.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "1FD8F9CE-4E98-4187-B84A-429FA1C65E2D", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.5.0.0:-:liberty_profile:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "C59741DC-50CD-4F5A-BCB1-EB3B9AD58662", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.5.0.1:-:liberty_profile:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "24016607-3BB3-409E-B2A3-C8A19CE9FB15", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.5.0.2:-:liberty_profile:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "9B92029D-B652-4471-885C-9C1C55AB947C", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.5.5.0:-:liberty_profile:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "B6C5B5C9-835C-478A-AA19-4A0FAB880FB7", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.5.5.1:-:liberty_profile:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "8BCC0BDC-2847-4264-A57E-CD6F6D826254", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.5.5.2:-:liberty_profile:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "08E5B0F7-8580-49B9-B418-F558CC97C302", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.5.5.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "168E2F18-56C6-4789-BBAC-C99D4792046F", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.5.5.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "B53EBD40-8E1A-4516-927D-ED1CF212B211", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.5.5.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "1A4E88BA-F637-4400-A64F-E6516AE8917C", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.5.5.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "32C745A6-FDE7-4236-BA1D-8BB22D184AA2", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.5.5.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "0C8EE753-8773-4DFF-90A7-35CE45C7EC30", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:8.5.5.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "F4B0179F-C523-4835-BDF2-E7C2166B4B8A", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:9.0.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "79600453-6230-461B-BA56-3F8B7696D083", "vulnerable": true}], "negate": false, "operator": "OR"}]}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "IBM WebSphere Application Server (WAS) 7.x before 7.0.0.43, 8.0.0.x before 8.0.0.13, 8.5.0.x before 8.5.5.10, 8.5.0.x and 16.0.0.x Liberty before Liberty Fix Pack 16.0.0.3, and 9.0.0.x before 9.0.0.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via crafted SIP messages."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "IBM WebSphere Application Server (WAS) 7.x en versiones anteriores a 7.0.0.43, 8.0.0.x en versiones anteriores a 8.0.0.13, 8.5.0.x en versiones anteriores a 8.5.5.10, 8.5.0.x y 16.0.0.x Liberty en versiones anteriores a Liberty Fix Pack 16.0.0.3 y 9.0.0.x en versiones anteriores a 9.0.0.1 permite a atacantes remotos provocar una denegaci\u00f3n de servicio a trav\u00e9s de mensajes SIP manipulados."}], "id": "CVE-2016-2960", "lastModified": "2025-04-12T10:46:40.837", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV2": [{"acInsufInfo": false, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "cvssData": {"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM", "accessVector": "NETWORK", "authentication": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL", "baseScore": 4.3, "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P", "version": "2.0"}, "exploitabilityScore": 8.6, "impactScore": 2.9, "obtainAllPrivilege": false, "obtainOtherPrivilege": false, "obtainUserPrivilege": false, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary", "userInteractionRequired": false}], "cvssMetricV30": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "LOW", "baseScore": 3.7, "baseSeverity": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L", "version": "3.0"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.2, "impactScore": 1.4, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}, "published": "2016-08-08T01:59:11.603", "references": [{"source": "psirt@us.ibm.com", "tags": ["Broken Link"], "url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg1PI61548"}, {"source": "psirt@us.ibm.com", "tags": ["Patch", "Vendor Advisory"], "url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21984796"}, {"source": "psirt@us.ibm.com", "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/92354"}, {"source": "psirt@us.ibm.com", "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1036514"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Broken Link"], "url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg1PI61548"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Patch", "Vendor Advisory"], "url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21984796"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/92354"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1036514"}], "sourceIdentifier": "psirt@us.ibm.com", "vulnStatus": "Deferred", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-284"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}

{}

{}