{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.1", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2023-2828", "assignerOrgId": "404fd4d2-a609-4245-b543-2c944a302a22", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "isc", "dateReserved": "2023-05-22T07:57:41.362Z", "datePublished": "2023-06-21T16:26:07.096Z", "dateUpdated": "2024-08-02T06:33:05.796Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "404fd4d2-a609-4245-b543-2c944a302a22", "shortName": "isc", "dateUpdated": "2023-06-21T16:26:07.096Z"}, "title": "named's configured cache size limit can be significantly exceeded", "datePublic": "2023-06-21T00:00:00Z", "affected": [{"vendor": "ISC", "product": "BIND 9", "versions": [{"version": "9.11.0", "lessThanOrEqual": "9.16.41", "status": "affected", "versionType": "custom"}, {"version": "9.18.0", "lessThanOrEqual": "9.18.15", "status": "affected", "versionType": "custom"}, {"version": "9.19.0", "lessThanOrEqual": "9.19.13", "status": "affected", "versionType": "custom"}, {"version": "9.11.3-S1", "lessThanOrEqual": "9.16.41-S1", "status": "affected", "versionType": "custom"}, {"version": "9.18.11-S1", "lessThanOrEqual": "9.18.15-S1", "status": "affected", "versionType": "custom"}], "defaultStatus": "unaffected"}], "metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"version": "3.1", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "baseScore": 7.5, "baseSeverity": "HIGH"}}], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Every `named` instance configured to run as a recursive resolver maintains a cache database holding the responses to the queries it has recently sent to authoritative servers. The size limit for that cache database can be configured using the `max-cache-size` statement in the configuration file; it defaults to 90% of the total amount of memory available on the host. When the size of the cache reaches 7/8 of the configured limit, a cache-cleaning algorithm starts to remove expired and/or least-recently used RRsets from the cache, to keep memory use below the configured limit.\n\nIt has been discovered that the effectiveness of the cache-cleaning algorithm used in `named` can be severely diminished by querying the resolver for specific RRsets in a certain order, effectively allowing the configured `max-cache-size` limit to be significantly exceeded.\nThis issue affects BIND 9 versions 9.11.0 through 9.16.41, 9.18.0 through 9.18.15, 9.19.0 through 9.19.13, 9.11.3-S1 through 9.16.41-S1, and 9.18.11-S1 through 9.18.15-S1."}], "impacts": [{"descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "By exploiting this flaw, an attacker can cause the amount of memory used by a `named` resolver to go well beyond the configured `max-cache-size` limit. The effectiveness of the attack depends on a number of factors (e.g. query load, query patterns), but since the default value of the `max-cache-size` statement is `90%`, in the worst case the attacker can exhaust all available memory on the host running `named`, leading to a denial-of-service condition."}]}], "workarounds": [{"lang": "en", "value": "No workarounds known."}], "exploits": [{"lang": "en", "value": "We are not aware of any active exploits."}], "solutions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Upgrade to the patched release most closely related to your current version of BIND 9: 9.16.42, 9.18.16, 9.19.14, 9.16.42-S1, or 9.18.16-S1."}], "credits": [{"lang": "en", "value": "ISC would like to thank Shoham Danino from Reichman University, Anat Bremler-Barr from Tel-Aviv University, Yehuda Afek from Tel-Aviv University, and Yuval Shavitt from Tel-Aviv University for bringing this vulnerability to our attention."}], "references": [{"url": "https://kb.isc.org/docs/cve-2023-2828", "name": "CVE-2023-2828", "tags": ["vendor-advisory"]}, {"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/06/21/6"}, {"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/U3K6AJK7RRSR53HRF5GGKPA6PDUDWOD2/"}, {"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5439"}, {"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/SEFCEVCTYEMKTWA7V7EYPI5YQQ4JWDLI/"}, {"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230703-0010/"}, {"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/07/msg00021.html"}], "source": {"discovery": "EXTERNAL"}}, "adp": [{"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "shortName": "CVE", "dateUpdated": "2024-08-02T06:33:05.796Z"}, "title": "CVE Program Container", "references": [{"url": "https://kb.isc.org/docs/cve-2023-2828", "name": "CVE-2023-2828", "tags": ["vendor-advisory", "x_transferred"]}, {"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/06/21/6", "tags": ["x_transferred"]}, {"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/U3K6AJK7RRSR53HRF5GGKPA6PDUDWOD2/", "tags": ["x_transferred"]}, {"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5439", "tags": ["x_transferred"]}, {"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/SEFCEVCTYEMKTWA7V7EYPI5YQQ4JWDLI/", "tags": ["x_transferred"]}, {"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230703-0010/", "tags": ["x_transferred"]}, {"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/07/msg00021.html", "tags": ["x_transferred"]}]}]}}

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The size limit for that cache database can be configured using the `max-cache-size` statement in the configuration file; it defaults to 90% of the total amount of memory available on the host. When the size of the cache reaches 7/8 of the configured limit, a cache-cleaning algorithm starts to remove expired and/or least-recently used RRsets from the cache, to keep memory use below the configured limit.\n\nIt has been discovered that the effectiveness of the cache-cleaning algorithm used in `named` can be severely diminished by querying the resolver for specific RRsets in a certain order, effectively allowing the configured `max-cache-size` limit to be significantly exceeded.\nThis issue affects BIND 9 versions 9.11.0 through 9.16.41, 9.18.0 through 9.18.15, 9.19.0 through 9.19.13, 9.11.3-S1 through 9.16.41-S1, and 9.18.11-S1 through 9.18.15-S1."}], "id": "CVE-2023-2828", "lastModified": "2023-07-21T19:19:52.887", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.5, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "impactScore": 3.6, "source": "security-officer@isc.org", "type": "Primary"}]}, "published": "2023-06-21T17:15:47.703", "references": [{"source": "security-officer@isc.org", "tags": ["Mailing List", "Patch", "Third Party Advisory"], "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/06/21/6"}, {"source": "security-officer@isc.org", "tags": ["Vendor Advisory"], "url": "https://kb.isc.org/docs/cve-2023-2828"}, {"source": "security-officer@isc.org", "tags": ["Mailing List", "Third Party Advisory"], "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/07/msg00021.html"}, {"source": "security-officer@isc.org", "tags": ["Mailing List", "Third Party Advisory"], "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/SEFCEVCTYEMKTWA7V7EYPI5YQQ4JWDLI/"}, {"source": "security-officer@isc.org", "tags": ["Mailing List", "Third Party Advisory"], "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/U3K6AJK7RRSR53HRF5GGKPA6PDUDWOD2/"}, {"source": "security-officer@isc.org", "tags": ["Third Party Advisory"], "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230703-0010/"}, {"source": "security-officer@isc.org", "tags": ["Third Party Advisory"], "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5439"}], "sourceIdentifier": "security-officer@isc.org", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-770"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}

{"acknowledgement": "Upstream acknowledges Anat Bremler-Barr (Tel-Aviv University), Shoham Danino (Reichman University), Yehuda Afek (Tel-Aviv University), and Yuval Shavitt (Tel-Aviv University) as the original reporters.", "affected_release": [{"advisory": "RHSA-2023:4152", "cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "package": "bind-32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.14", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7", "release_date": "2023-07-18T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2023:4100", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "package": "bind9.16-32:9.16.23-0.14.el8_8.1", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8", "release_date": "2023-07-17T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2023:4102", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "package": "bind-32:9.11.36-8.el8_8.1", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8", "release_date": "2023-07-17T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2023:4102", "cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "package": "bind-32:9.11.36-8.el8_8.1", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8", "release_date": "2023-07-17T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2023:4154", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.1", "package": "bind-32:9.11.4-26.P2.el8_1.7", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.1 Update Services for SAP Solutions", "release_date": "2023-07-18T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2023:4153", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_aus:8.2", "package": "bind-32:9.11.13-6.el8_2.5", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Advanced Update Support", "release_date": "2023-07-18T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2023:4153", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_tus:8.2", "package": "bind-32:9.11.13-6.el8_2.5", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Telecommunications Update Service", "release_date": "2023-07-18T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2023:4153", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.2", "package": "bind-32:9.11.13-6.el8_2.5", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions", "release_date": "2023-07-18T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2023:4332", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_aus:8.4", "package": "bind-32:9.11.26-4.el8_4.2", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support", "release_date": "2023-07-31T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2023:4332", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_tus:8.4", "package": "bind-32:9.11.26-4.el8_4.2", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Telecommunications Update Service", "release_date": "2023-07-31T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2023:4332", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.4", "package": "bind-32:9.11.26-4.el8_4.2", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Update Services for SAP Solutions", "release_date": "2023-07-31T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2023:4037", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:8.6", "package": "bind9.16-32:9.16.23-0.7.el8_6.2", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Extended Update Support", "release_date": "2023-07-12T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2023:4101", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:8.6", "package": "bind-32:9.11.36-3.el8_6.4", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Extended Update Support", "release_date": "2023-07-17T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2023:4099", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "package": "bind-32:9.16.23-11.el9_2.1", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9", "release_date": "2023-07-17T00:00:00Z"}, {"advisory": "RHSA-2023:4005", "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:9.0", "package": "bind-32:9.16.23-1.el9_0.2", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Extended Update Support", "release_date": "2023-07-10T00:00:00Z"}], "bugzilla": {"description": "bind: named's configured cache size limit can be significantly exceeded", "id": "2216227", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2216227"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "7.5", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "status": "verified"}, "details": ["Every `named` instance configured to run as a recursive resolver maintains a cache database holding the responses to the queries it has recently sent to authoritative servers. The size limit for that cache database can be configured using the `max-cache-size` statement in the configuration file; it defaults to 90% of the total amount of memory available on the host. When the size of the cache reaches 7/8 of the configured limit, a cache-cleaning algorithm starts to remove expired and/or least-recently used RRsets from the cache, to keep memory use below the configured limit.\nIt has been discovered that the effectiveness of the cache-cleaning algorithm used in `named` can be severely diminished by querying the resolver for specific RRsets in a certain order, effectively allowing the configured `max-cache-size` limit to be significantly exceeded.\nThis issue affects BIND 9 versions 9.11.0 through 9.16.41, 9.18.0 through 9.18.15, 9.19.0 through 9.19.13, 9.11.3-S1 through 9.16.41-S1, and 9.18.11-S1 through 9.18.15-S1.", "A vulnerability was found in BIND. The effectiveness of the cache-cleaning algorithm used in named can be severely diminished by querying the resolver for specific RRsets in a certain order, effectively allowing the configured max-cache-size limit to exceed significantly."], "name": "CVE-2023-2828", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "bind", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "dhcp", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2023-06-21T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-2828\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-2828\nhttps://kb.isc.org/docs/cve-2023-2828"], "threat_severity": "Important", "upstream_fix": "bind 9.16.42, bind 9.18.16, bind 9.19.14"}