CVE-2023-28807 - Vulnerability Details - OpenCVE

In Zscaler Internet Access (ZIA) a mismatch between Connect Host and Client Hello's Server Name Indication (SNI) enables attackers to evade network security controls by hiding their communications within legitimate traffic.

No CVSS v4.0

Attack Vector Local

Attack Complexity Low

Privileges Required None

Scope Unchanged

Confidentiality Impact Low

Integrity Impact Low

Availability Impact None

User Interaction None

No CVSS v3.0

No CVSS v2

This CVE is not in the KEV list.

The EPSS score is 0.00038.

Exploitation none

Automatable no

Technical Impact partial

Vendors	Products
Zscaler	Secure Internet And Saas Access

Configuration 1 [-]

cpe:2.3:a:zscaler:secure_internet_and_saas_access:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

No data.

No data.

Advisories

Source	ID	Title
EUVD	EUVD-2023-32442	In Zscaler Internet Access (ZIA) a mismatch between Connect Host and Client Hello's Server Name Indication (SNI) enables attackers to evade network security controls by hiding their communications within legitimate traffic.

Fixes

Solution

No solution given by the vendor.

Workaround

No workaround given by the vendor.

References

Link	Providers
https://help.zscaler.com/zia/configuring-advanced-settings#dns-optimization
https://help.zscaler.com/zia/configuring-advanced-settings#domain-fronting

History

Tue, 17 Jun 2025 22:15:00 +0000

Type	Values Removed	Values Added
Metrics		ssvc `{'options': {'Automatable': 'no', 'Exploitation': 'none', 'Technical Impact': 'partial'}, 'version': '2.0.3'}`

MITRE

Status: PUBLISHED

Assigner: Zscaler

Published: 2024-01-31T19:16:59.806Z

Updated: 2025-06-17T21:29:19.136Z

Reserved: 2023-03-23T18:29:15.803Z

Link: CVE-2023-28807

Vulnrichment

Updated: 2024-08-02T13:51:38.890Z

NVD

Status : Modified

Published: 2024-01-31T20:15:44.903

Modified: 2024-11-21T07:56:03.310

Link: CVE-2023-28807

Redhat

No data.

OpenCVE Enrichment

No data.

{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.1", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2023-28807", "assignerOrgId": "73c6f63b-efac-410d-a0a9-569700f85a04", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Zscaler", "dateReserved": "2023-03-23T18:29:15.803Z", "datePublished": "2024-01-31T19:16:59.806Z", "dateUpdated": "2025-06-17T21:29:19.136Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"affected": [{"defaultStatus": "unaffected", "product": "ZIA", "vendor": "Zscaler", "versions": [{"lessThan": "6.2r.290", "status": "affected", "version": "0", "versionType": "custom"}]}], "credits": [{"lang": "en", "type": "finder", "user": "00000000-0000-4000-9000-000000000000", "value": "Citi Red Team"}], "datePublic": "2024-02-01T02:00:00.000Z", "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "supportingMedia": [{"base64": false, "type": "text/html", "value": "In Zscaler Internet Access (ZIA) a mismatch between Connect Host and Client Hello's Server Name Indication (SNI) enables attackers to evade network security controls by hiding their communications within legitimate traffic."}], "value": "In Zscaler Internet Access (ZIA) a mismatch between Connect Host and Client Hello's Server Name Indication (SNI) enables attackers to evade network security controls by hiding their communications within legitimate traffic."}], "impacts": [{"capecId": "CAPEC-554", "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CAPEC-554 Functionality Bypass"}]}], "metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 5.1, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "LOW", "integrityImpact": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N", "version": "3.1"}, "format": "CVSS", "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "GENERAL"}]}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"cweId": "CWE-295", "description": "CWE-295 Improper Certificate Validation", "lang": "en", "type": "CWE"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "73c6f63b-efac-410d-a0a9-569700f85a04", "shortName": "Zscaler", "dateUpdated": "2024-01-31T19:17:15.685Z"}, "references": [{"url": "https://help.zscaler.com/zia/configuring-advanced-settings#domain-fronting"}, {"url": "https://help.zscaler.com/zia/configuring-advanced-settings#dns-optimization"}], "source": {"discovery": "UNKNOWN"}, "title": "Bypass of ZIA domain fronting detection module through evasion technique", "x_generator": {"engine": "Vulnogram 0.1.0-dev"}}, "adp": [{"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "shortName": "CVE", "dateUpdated": "2024-08-02T13:51:38.890Z"}, "title": "CVE Program Container", "references": [{"url": "https://help.zscaler.com/zia/configuring-advanced-settings#domain-fronting", "tags": ["x_transferred"]}, {"url": "https://help.zscaler.com/zia/configuring-advanced-settings#dns-optimization", "tags": ["x_transferred"]}]}, {"metrics": [{"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"id": "CVE-2023-28807", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "options": [{"Exploitation": "none"}, {"Automatable": "no"}, {"Technical Impact": "partial"}], "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2024-03-14T21:06:39.806468Z"}}}], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2025-06-17T21:29:19.136Z"}}]}}

{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "containers": {"adp": [{"title": "CVE Program Container", "references": [{"url": "https://help.zscaler.com/zia/configuring-advanced-settings#domain-fronting", "tags": ["x_transferred"]}, {"url": "https://help.zscaler.com/zia/configuring-advanced-settings#dns-optimization", "tags": ["x_transferred"]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "shortName": "CVE", "dateUpdated": "2024-08-02T13:51:38.890Z"}}, {"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "metrics": [{"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"id": "CVE-2023-28807", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "options": [{"Exploitation": "none"}, {"Automatable": "no"}, {"Technical Impact": "partial"}], "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2024-03-14T21:06:39.806468Z"}}}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2025-06-17T21:22:54.370Z"}}], "cna": {"title": "Bypass of ZIA domain fronting detection module through evasion technique", "source": {"discovery": "UNKNOWN"}, "credits": [{"lang": "en", "type": "finder", "user": "00000000-0000-4000-9000-000000000000", "value": "Citi Red Team"}], "impacts": [{"capecId": "CAPEC-554", "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CAPEC-554 Functionality Bypass"}]}], "metrics": [{"format": "CVSS", "cvssV3_1": {"scope": "UNCHANGED", "version": "3.1", "baseScore": 5.1, "attackVector": "LOCAL", "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N", "integrityImpact": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "confidentialityImpact": "LOW"}, "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "GENERAL"}]}], "affected": [{"vendor": "Zscaler", "product": "ZIA", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "0", "lessThan": "6.2r.290", "versionType": "custom"}], "defaultStatus": "unaffected"}], "datePublic": "2024-02-01T02:00:00.000Z", "references": [{"url": "https://help.zscaler.com/zia/configuring-advanced-settings#domain-fronting"}, {"url": "https://help.zscaler.com/zia/configuring-advanced-settings#dns-optimization"}], "x_generator": {"engine": "Vulnogram 0.1.0-dev"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In Zscaler Internet Access (ZIA) a mismatch between Connect Host and Client Hello's Server Name Indication (SNI) enables attackers to evade network security controls by hiding their communications within legitimate traffic.", "supportingMedia": [{"type": "text/html", "value": "In Zscaler Internet Access (ZIA) a mismatch between Connect Host and Client Hello's Server Name Indication (SNI) enables attackers to evade network security controls by hiding their communications within legitimate traffic.", "base64": false}]}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "type": "CWE", "cweId": "CWE-295", "description": "CWE-295 Improper Certificate Validation"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "73c6f63b-efac-410d-a0a9-569700f85a04", "shortName": "Zscaler", "dateUpdated": "2024-01-31T19:17:15.685Z"}}}, "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2023-28807", "state": "PUBLISHED", "dateUpdated": "2025-06-17T21:29:19.136Z", "dateReserved": "2023-03-23T18:29:15.803Z", "assignerOrgId": "73c6f63b-efac-410d-a0a9-569700f85a04", "datePublished": "2024-01-31T19:16:59.806Z", "assignerShortName": "Zscaler"}, "dataVersion": "5.1"}

{"configurations": [{"nodes": [{"cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:zscaler:secure_internet_and_saas_access:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "4DC095FA-C0CB-4E6F-B749-8DB0308F9C1C", "versionEndExcluding": "6.2r.290", "vulnerable": true}], "negate": false, "operator": "OR"}]}], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In Zscaler Internet Access (ZIA) a mismatch between Connect Host and Client Hello's Server Name Indication (SNI) enables attackers to evade network security controls by hiding their communications within legitimate traffic."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "En Zscaler Internet Access (ZIA), una falta de coincidencia entre Connect Host y Client Hello's Server Name Indication (SNI) permite a los atacantes evadir los controles de seguridad de la red ocultando sus comunicaciones dentro del tr\u00e1fico leg\u00edtimo."}], "id": "CVE-2023-28807", "lastModified": "2024-11-21T07:56:03.310", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 5.1, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "LOW", "integrityImpact": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 2.5, "impactScore": 2.5, "source": "cve@zscaler.com", "type": "Secondary"}, {"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 7.5, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "impactScore": 3.6, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}, "published": "2024-01-31T20:15:44.903", "references": [{"source": "cve@zscaler.com", "tags": ["Product"], "url": "https://help.zscaler.com/zia/configuring-advanced-settings#dns-optimization"}, {"source": "cve@zscaler.com", "tags": ["Product"], "url": "https://help.zscaler.com/zia/configuring-advanced-settings#domain-fronting"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Product"], "url": "https://help.zscaler.com/zia/configuring-advanced-settings#dns-optimization"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "tags": ["Product"], "url": "https://help.zscaler.com/zia/configuring-advanced-settings#domain-fronting"}], "sourceIdentifier": "cve@zscaler.com", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-295"}], "source": "cve@zscaler.com", "type": "Secondary"}, {"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-295"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}