The protocol used for remote linking over RF for End-of-Train and
Head-of-Train (also known as a FRED) relies on a BCH checksum for packet
creation. It is possible to create these EoT and HoT packets with a
software defined radio and issue brake control commands to the EoT
device, disrupting operations or potentially overwhelming the brake
systems.
Advisories
Source ID Title
EUVD EUVD EUVD-2025-21087 The protocol used for remote linking over RF for End-of-Train and Head-of-Train (also known as a FRED) relies on a BCH checksum for packet creation. It is possible to create these EoT and HoT packets with a software defined radio and issue brake control commands to the EoT device, disrupting operations or potentially overwhelming the brake systems.
Fixes

Solution

No solution given by the vendor.


Workaround

The Association of American Railroads (AAR) is pursuing new equipment and protocols which should replace traditional End-of-Train and Head-of-Train devices. The standards committees involved in these updates are aware of the vulnerability and are investigating mitigating solutions. The AAR Railroad Electronics Standards Committee (RESC) maintains this protocol which is used by multiple manufacturers across the industry, including Hitachi Rail STS USA, Wabtec, Siemens, and others. Users of EoT/HoT devices are recommended to contact their own device manufacturers with questions.

History

Wed, 16 Jul 2025 13:45:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Metrics epss

{'score': 0.0002}

epss

{'score': 0.00024}


Fri, 11 Jul 2025 14:15:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Metrics ssvc

{'options': {'Automatable': 'no', 'Exploitation': 'none', 'Technical Impact': 'total'}, 'version': '2.0.3'}


Fri, 11 Jul 2025 13:45:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Metrics epss

{'score': 0.0002}


Thu, 10 Jul 2025 23:15:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Description The protocol used for remote linking over RF for End-of-Train and Head-of-Train (also known as a FRED) relies on a BCH checksum for packet creation. It is possible to create these EoT and HoT packets with a software defined radio and issue brake control commands to the EoT device, disrupting operations or potentially overwhelming the brake systems.
Title End-of-Train and Head-of-Train Remote Linking Protocol Weak Authentication
Weaknesses CWE-1390
References
Metrics cvssV3_1

{'score': 8.1, 'vector': 'CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H'}

cvssV4_0

{'score': 7.2, 'vector': 'CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N'}


cve-icon MITRE

Status: PUBLISHED

Assigner: icscert

Published:

Updated: 2025-07-11T14:06:28.251Z

Reserved: 2025-02-26T20:19:11.460Z

Link: CVE-2025-1727

cve-icon Vulnrichment

Updated: 2025-07-11T14:06:25.740Z

cve-icon NVD

Status : Awaiting Analysis

Published: 2025-07-10T23:15:27.600

Modified: 2025-07-15T13:14:49.980

Link: CVE-2025-1727

cve-icon Redhat

No data.

cve-icon OpenCVE Enrichment

No data.