{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2025-59789", "assignerOrgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "apache", "dateReserved": "2025-09-20T06:17:58.940Z", "datePublished": "2025-12-01T10:22:41.697Z", "dateUpdated": "2025-12-01T15:05:18.284Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"affected": [{"defaultStatus": "unaffected", "product": "Apache bRPC", "vendor": "Apache Software Foundation", "versions": [{"lessThan": "1.15.0", "status": "affected", "version": "0", "versionType": "semver"}]}], "credits": [{"lang": "en", "type": "finder", "value": "Tyler Zars"}], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "supportingMedia": [{"base64": false, "type": "text/html", "value": "Uncontrolled recursion in the json2pb component in Apache bRPC (version &lt; 1.15.0) on all platforms allows remote attackers to make the server crash via sending deep recursive json data.<br><br>Root Cause:<br>The bRPC&nbsp;json2pb component uses rapidjson to parse json data from the network. The rapidjson parser uses a recursive parsing method by default. If the input json has a large depth of recursive structure, the parser function may run into stack overflow.<br><br>Affected Scenarios:<br>Use bRPC server with protobuf message to serve http+json requests from untrusted network. Or directly use&nbsp;JsonToProtoMessage to convert json from&nbsp;untrusted input.\n\n<br><br>How to Fix: <br>(<span style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">Choose one of the following options)&nbsp;</span><br>1. Upgrade bRPC to version 1.15.0, which fixes this issue.<br><span style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">2. Apply this patch: </span><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3099\">https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3099</a>\n\n<br><br>Note:<br>No matter which option \n\n<span style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">you choose</span>, you should know that the fix introduces a recursion depth limit with default value 100. It affects these functions:&nbsp;\n\n<span style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">ProtoMessageToJson, ProtoMessageToProtoJson, JsonToProtoMessage, and ProtoJsonToProtoMessage.</span>\n\n If your requests contain json or protobuf messages that have a depth exceeding the limit, the request will be failed after applying the fix. You can modify the gflag json2pb_max_recursion_depth to change the limit."}], "value": "Uncontrolled recursion in the json2pb component in Apache bRPC (version < 1.15.0) on all platforms allows remote attackers to make the server crash via sending deep recursive json data.\n\nRoot Cause:\nThe bRPC\u00a0json2pb component uses rapidjson to parse json data from the network. The rapidjson parser uses a recursive parsing method by default. If the input json has a large depth of recursive structure, the parser function may run into stack overflow.\n\nAffected Scenarios:\nUse bRPC server with protobuf message to serve http+json requests from untrusted network. Or directly use\u00a0JsonToProtoMessage to convert json from\u00a0untrusted input.\n\n\n\nHow to Fix: \n(Choose one of the following options)\u00a0\n1. Upgrade bRPC to version 1.15.0, which fixes this issue.\n2. Apply this patch: https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3099 \n\n\n\nNote:\nNo matter which option \n\nyou choose, you should know that the fix introduces a recursion depth limit with default value 100. It affects these functions:\u00a0\n\nProtoMessageToJson, ProtoMessageToProtoJson, JsonToProtoMessage, and ProtoJsonToProtoMessage.\n\n If your requests contain json or protobuf messages that have a depth exceeding the limit, the request will be failed after applying the fix. You can modify the gflag json2pb_max_recursion_depth to change the limit."}], "metrics": [{"other": {"content": {"text": "critical"}, "type": "Textual description of severity"}}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"cweId": "CWE-674", "description": "CWE-674 Uncontrolled Recursion", "lang": "en", "type": "CWE"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09", "shortName": "apache", "dateUpdated": "2025-12-01T10:22:41.697Z"}, "references": [{"tags": ["vendor-advisory"], "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/ozmcsztcpxn61jxod8jo8q46jo0oc1zx"}], "source": {"discovery": "EXTERNAL"}, "title": "Apache bRPC: Stack Exhaustion via Unbounded Recursion in JSON Parser", "x_generator": {"engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"}}, "adp": [{"title": "CVE Program Container", "references": [{"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/12/01/1"}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "shortName": "CVE", "dateUpdated": "2025-12-01T11:05:54.538Z"}}, {"metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"scope": "UNCHANGED", "version": "3.1", "baseScore": 7.5, "attackVector": "NETWORK", "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE"}}, {"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"timestamp": "2025-12-01T15:04:16.305638Z", "id": "CVE-2025-59789", "options": [{"Exploitation": "none"}, {"Automatable": "yes"}, {"Technical Impact": "partial"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "version": "2.0.3"}}}], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2025-12-01T15:05:18.284Z"}}]}}

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The rapidjson parser uses a recursive parsing method by default. If the input json has a large depth of recursive structure, the parser function may run into stack overflow.\n\nAffected Scenarios:\nUse bRPC server with protobuf message to serve http+json requests from untrusted network. Or directly use\u00a0JsonToProtoMessage to convert json from\u00a0untrusted input.\n\n\n\nHow to Fix: \n(Choose one of the following options)\u00a0\n1. Upgrade bRPC to version 1.15.0, which fixes this issue.\n2. Apply this patch: https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3099 \n\n\n\nNote:\nNo matter which option \n\nyou choose, you should know that the fix introduces a recursion depth limit with default value 100. It affects these functions:\u00a0\n\nProtoMessageToJson, ProtoMessageToProtoJson, JsonToProtoMessage, and ProtoJsonToProtoMessage.\n\n If your requests contain json or protobuf messages that have a depth exceeding the limit, the request will be failed after applying the fix. You can modify the gflag json2pb_max_recursion_depth to change the limit.", "supportingMedia": [{"type": "text/html", "value": "Uncontrolled recursion in the json2pb component in Apache bRPC (version &lt; 1.15.0) on all platforms allows remote attackers to make the server crash via sending deep recursive json data.<br><br>Root Cause:<br>The bRPC&nbsp;json2pb component uses rapidjson to parse json data from the network. The rapidjson parser uses a recursive parsing method by default. If the input json has a large depth of recursive structure, the parser function may run into stack overflow.<br><br>Affected Scenarios:<br>Use bRPC server with protobuf message to serve http+json requests from untrusted network. Or directly use&nbsp;JsonToProtoMessage to convert json from&nbsp;untrusted input.\n\n<br><br>How to Fix: <br>(<span style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">Choose one of the following options)&nbsp;</span><br>1. Upgrade bRPC to version 1.15.0, which fixes this issue.<br><span style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">2. Apply this patch: </span><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3099\">https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3099</a>\n\n<br><br>Note:<br>No matter which option \n\n<span style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">you choose</span>, you should know that the fix introduces a recursion depth limit with default value 100. It affects these functions:&nbsp;\n\n<span style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">ProtoMessageToJson, ProtoMessageToProtoJson, JsonToProtoMessage, and ProtoJsonToProtoMessage.</span>\n\n If your requests contain json or protobuf messages that have a depth exceeding the limit, the request will be failed after applying the fix. 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