Technical impact
A flaw in the Java Secure Socket Extension (JSSE) component of Oracle Java SE, GraalVM for JDK, and GraalVM Enterprise Edition allows an unauthenticated attacker, with network access, to invoke exposed APIs. Successful exploitation can lead to the creation, deletion, or unauthorized modification of critical data, resulting in both confidentiality and integrity compromise of the affected applications.
Affected Systems
Affected systems include Oracle Corporation’s Java SE 8 (8u511-b32, 8u511-perf-b32), Java SE 11 (11.0.33.0.2), Java SE 17 (17.0.21.0.2), Java SE 21 (21.0.13.0.2) and newer Java SE releases (25.0.5.0.2, 27.0.1.0.2), GraalVM for JDK 17.0.21.0.2 and 21.0.13.0.2, and GraalVM Enterprise Edition 21.3.20.0.2. These versions are distributed through Oracle’s Java SE, GraalVM for JDK, and GraalVM Enterprise Edition product lines.
Risk and Exploitability
The CVSS 3.1 score of 9.1 indicates severe confidentiality and integrity impact. The exploit requires no authentication, no user interaction, and can be carried out over various network protocols that expose JSSE APIs, including scenarios that bypass the Java sandbox for applets or Web Start applications. The EPSS score indicates a very low probability of exploitation, less than 1%, and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, but the high CVSS and the ease of exploitation make the risk significant.
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