| CVE |
Vendors |
Products |
Updated |
CVSS v3.1 |
| A flaw was found in HPLIP (HP Linux Imaging and Printing Software). This vulnerability, an incomplete fix for CVE-2026-8631, may allow a remote attacker to escalate privileges or achieve arbitrary code execution. This can occur through an integer overflow in the hpcups processing path when handling specially crafted print data. |
| Two off-by-one errors in the FreeIPA ipa-otpd daemon's OAuth2 device authorization handler can cause out-of-bounds memory access when processing an oversized response from a configured external OAuth2/OIDC Identity Provider. An attacker who controls or can man-in-the-middle the IdP endpoint may be able to trigger ipa-otpd to write or read one byte past the end of a fixed-size buffer. Exploitation requires FreeIPA to be configured with an external IdP, attacker control or MITM of that IdP, and a user to initiate the OAuth2 device authorization flow. The most likely impact is limited denial of service affecting the ipa-otpd daemon. |
| A flaw was found in GIMP's Paint Shop Pro (PSP) file format parser. This heap buffer overflow vulnerability allows a remote attacker to cause arbitrary code execution or a denial of service (DoS) by tricking a user into opening a specially crafted PSP image file. The vulnerability occurs because the software incorrectly calculates buffer sizes when processing low bit-depth images, leading to an overwrite of adjacent memory. |
| A flaw exists in the org.keycloak.broker.oidc package where the OIDC broker incorrectly synchronizes the email_verified claim. When an OIDC identity provider is configured with trustEmail=true and the userinfo endpoint is enabled, Keycloak retrieves the email address from the userinfo response but retrieves the email_verified status exclusively from the id_token.
The root cause is a lack of validation ensuring that the email_verified claim in the id_token actually refers to the email address returned by the userinfo endpoint. If these two sources return different email addresses, the id_token's email_verified=true claim is blindly applied to the userinfo email.
Exploitation Conditions:
The OIDC identity provider must have trustEmail set to true (non-default).
The userinfo endpoint must be enabled (default).
The attacker must control or have compromised the upstream OIDC provider.
Concrete Impact:
Mark arbitrary email addresses as verified in the Keycloak database.
Bypass email-based security controls or verification workflows.
Potential account takeover if the application relies solely on the email_verified flag from the IdP to link accounts. |
| A use-after-free vulnerability in the Linux Kernel traffic control index filter (tcindex) can be exploited to achieve local privilege escalation. The tcindex_delete function which does not properly deactivate filters in case of a perfect hashes while deleting the underlying structure which can later lead to double freeing the structure. A local attacker user can use this vulnerability to elevate its privileges to root.
We recommend upgrading past commit 8c710f75256bb3cf05ac7b1672c82b92c43f3d28 https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/ . |
| An issue was found in the private API function qDecodeDataUrl() in QtCore, which is used in QTextDocument and QNetworkReply, and, potentially, in user code.
If the function was called with malformed data, for example, an URL that
contained a "charset" parameter that lacked a value (such as
"data:charset,"), and Qt was built with assertions enabled, then it would hit an assertion, resulting in a denial of service
(abort).
This impacts Qt up to 5.15.18, 6.0.0->6.5.8, 6.6.0->6.8.3 and 6.9.0. This has been fixed in 5.15.19, 6.5.9, 6.8.4 and 6.9.1. |
| Allocation of resources without limits vulnerability in ninenines cowlib allows an unauthenticated remote HTTP/2 or HTTP/3 peer to exhaust memory on the vulnerable server (or client) and cause a denial of service.
The HPACK and QPACK prefixed-integer decoder cow_hpack_common:dec_big_int/3 in src/cow_hpack_common.hrl (invoked from cow_hpack:decode/2 in src/cow_hpack.erl and from cow_qpack:decode_field_section/3 in src/cow_qpack.erl) reads continuation octets until it sees one whose high bit is clear, evaluating Int + (Value bsl M) at each step with the shift M growing by seven per octet. No limit is enforced on the number of continuation octets, on the resulting bit width, or on the value; the decoder consumes whatever encoded length the peer supplies.
Because Erlang integers are immutable, each intermediate Value bsl M and each accumulator update allocates a fresh bignum whose digit width grows linearly with the number of octets processed so far. Summed across the whole decode, the transient bignum digit materialization is on the order of the square of the encoded length. A single maximal HPACK indexed representation carried inside one HTTP/2 HEADERS plus one CONTINUATION frame at Cowboy's default max_frame_size_received can force hundreds of megabytes of transient allocation and garbage-collection churn before the resulting header-table index is rejected as invalid. Repeated or concurrent connections multiply the pressure and can drive the Erlang VM to memory exhaustion.
Cowlib is the HTTP parser used by Cowboy, RabbitMQ's management plugin, and other Erlang and Elixir HTTP/2 and HTTP/3 servers and clients, so any exposed endpoint that accepts HPACK or QPACK from an untrusted peer is reachable.
This issue affects cowlib: from 2.0.0 before 2.19.0. |
| Keycloak provides a mechanism called Client Policies to enforce security requirements on clients, such as requiring them to use signed JWTs for authentication. A flaw was discovered where this enforcement can be bypassed. An attacker with valid client credentials can provide a fake, unsigned assertion header that tricks the system into thinking the policy requirements have been met. This allows the attacker to authenticate using simpler methods like a client secret even when the administrator has mandated more secure, signed assertions. |
| A flaw was found in the file-sgi plugin in GIMP. When processing an RLE-compressed SGI image, the plugin allocates memory for a row table. The image header dimensions (ysize and zsize) are read as 16-bit unsigned integers. If a crafted file sets both dimensions to their maximum value (65535), the multiplication ysize * zsize overflows the standard 32-bit int boundary before being passed to calloc. This integer overflow issue results in undefined behavior, aborting the plugin and causing a denial of service. |
| A flaw was found in GStreamer's gst-plugins-good. A heap-based out-of-bounds read of 4 bytes can occur when parsing FLAC audio stream headers embedded in a Matroska or WebM container file. The vulnerability is triggered by a boundary check that does not account for the full size of the data being copied, allowing a small read past the end of the allocated buffer. An attacker could exploit this by crafting a malicious Matroska or WebM file and tricking a user into opening it, potentially leaking a small amount of adjacent heap memory. |
| In NLnet Labs Unbound 1.23.0 up to and including 1.25.1, when 'dns-error-reporting: yes' is set, the EDNS Report-Channel option (code 18) from the last upstream response is read and uses the option's length as the length of the agent domain. When a domain name check is performed on the agent domain, the returned lenght is not used and if the agent domain is followed by garbage, those bytes are moved onto the tail of the synthetic '_er.' report query name. That query name is later used in the iterator via a subquery to send out the DNS Error Report and when Unbound tries to walk that query name during 'find_closest_of_type()', it strips labels using the query name length rather than stopping at the embedded root, walks one byte past it, and feeds the first garbage byte to 'dname_query_hash()' as a label length writing over the stack variable 'labuf'. One ordinary upstream response from a delegated zone the attacker controls is sufficient to terminate the daemon. |
| In NLnet Labs Unbound 1.22.0 up to and including 1.25.1, a remote unauthenticated client can trigger a libngtcp2 assertion (if compiled with assertions on) and terminate the entire Unbound process using a single DNS-over-QUIC (DoQ) connection and one normal DNS query. This is caused by an erroneous error value passed to libngtcp2. When 'ngtcp2_conn_writev_stream()' returns 'NGTCP2_ERR_STREAM_DATA_BLOCKED', Unbound continues to call 'ngtcp2_ccerr_set_application_error()' with a '-1' error value. The 'int' literal '-1' is implicitly converted to the function's 'uint64_t error_code' parameter as '0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF'. The follow-on 'ngtcp2_conn_write_connection_close()' serialises that value as a QUIC variable-length integer; because '2^64-1' exceeds the 62-bit varint ceiling, 'ngtcp2_put_uvarintlen()' fails 'assert(n < 4611686018427387904ULL)' and the whole resolver process aborts. A remote, unauthenticated DoQ client can trigger this deterministically with a single QUIC connection by advertising 'initial_max_stream_data_bidi_local = 1' in its transport parameters and sending one DoQ query without ever reading the stream. |
| Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling vulnerability in ninenines cowboy allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to exhaust connection process memory over HTTP/1.1.
The HTTP/1.1 handler in cowboy_http enforces the max_headers limit by counting the number of distinct header names in a map (maps:size(Headers)). When a request contains multiple header lines with the same name, the values are concatenated into a single ever-growing binary stored under that one map key (", " for regular headers, "; " for cookies), so the map size stays at one and the max_headers cap (default 100) is never reached. Because no accumulator bounds the total number of header lines or the total byte size of the header block (only per-line max_header_name_length and max_header_value_length apply), an unauthenticated client can send an arbitrary number of header lines with the same name and grow the connection process's binary memory to arbitrary size within the request window.
The impact per connection is bounded by request_timeout (default 5 seconds, not reset by header data), and by max_heap_size when set (the offending connection process is killed once its heap grows past the limit). When max_heap_size is left at the default (unset), sustained abuse can drive the Erlang VM into out-of-memory conditions.
This issue affects cowboy from 2.0.0-pre.4 before 2.18.0. |
| A flaw was found in the GNU Binutils (Binary Utilities) linker. This vulnerability, a heap-buffer-overflow read (CWE-125), occurs when the linker processes a specially crafted 32-bit XCOFF (Extended Common Object File Format) object file. An attacker could exploit this by providing a malicious file, leading to an out-of-bounds read of memory. This can result in information disclosure, potentially revealing sensitive heap data, and a Denial of Service (DoS) due to the linker crashing. |
| Allocation of resources without limits in Erlang/OTP public_key certificate path validation allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to cause denial of service by sending a crafted X.509 certificate chain during the TLS handshake.
During RFC 5280 policy processing in public_key:pkix_path_validation/3, the certificate policy tree maintained by pubkey_policy_tree grows without an upper bound. When a certificate chain contains M policies per certificate and K certificates, the tree grows on the order of M^K nodes because pubkey_policy_tree:add_leaves/2 and pubkey_policy_tree:add_leaf_siblings/2 extend the tree per policy per certificate. A modest chain with many policies per certificate is enough to pin BEAM schedulers and exhaust the node's memory, taking down the entire VM. The attacker only needs to be able to present a certificate chain to the victim, which is the normal precondition for a TLS handshake, so exploitation succeeds against any incoming or outgoing TLS connection that validates the peer's chain (the default for SSL/TLS clients and mutual-TLS servers).
This is the same vulnerability class as OpenSSL's X509_verify_cert policy tree DoS.
This vulnerability is associated with program files lib/public_key/src/pubkey_policy_tree.erl and program routines pubkey_policy_tree:add_leaves/2 and pubkey_policy_tree:add_leaf_siblings/2.
This issue affects OTP from OTP 26.2 before OTP 29.0.4, OTP 28.5.0.4 and OTP 27.3.4.15, corresponding to public_key from 1.15 before 1.21.4, 1.20.3.4 and 1.17.1.5. |
| A use-after-free vulnerability in the Linux kernel's netfilter: nf_tables component can be exploited to achieve local privilege escalation.
Due to a race condition between nf_tables netlink control plane transaction and nft_set element garbage collection, it is possible to underflow the reference counter causing a use-after-free vulnerability.
We recommend upgrading past commit 3e91b0ebd994635df2346353322ac51ce84ce6d8. |
| A flaw was found in Dogtag PKI's ACME responder where the web.xml security constraints use exact URL pattern matching for admin-only enable/disable endpoints. By appending a trailing slash to the URL, an unauthenticated attacker can bypass the Tomcat authentication constraint while RESTEasy still routes the request to the handler, allowing unauthorized toggling of the ACME service state including persistent denial of service. |
| A flaw was found in libXpm. A local user with low privileges could exploit an Out-of-Bounds Read vulnerability in the `xpmNextWord()` function by processing a specially crafted or very small XPM (X PixMap) image file. This improper validation of file boundaries can cause an internal pointer to read beyond the file's end, leading to application crashes and Denial of Service conditions. |
| Heatmiser Wifi Thermostat 1.7 contains a cross-site request forgery vulnerability that allows attackers to change administrator credentials by tricking authenticated users into submitting malicious requests. Attackers can craft HTML forms targeting the networkSetup.htm endpoint with parameters usnm, usps, and cfps to modify the admin username and password without user consent. |
| Heatmiser Wifi Thermostat 1.7 contains a credential disclosure vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to retrieve administrative credentials by accessing the networkSetup.htm page. Attackers can request the networkSetup.htm endpoint and extract plaintext username and password values from HTML form fields to gain administrative access to the thermostat. |
