CVE-2025-15039 - Vulnerability Details

- Account Takeover via Conditional Authentication Script Logic in Multiple WSO2 Products

Description

The Conditional Authentication (Adaptive Authentication) script does not correctly enforce the completion of all required authentication steps when a specific multi-step pattern involving certain authenticators is configured. This allows an attacker to bypass intermediate authentication challenges by exploiting how the script handles callbacks and re-execution of authentication steps.

Successful exploitation allows a malicious actor to gain unauthorized access to a targeted user account. This vulnerability can only be exploited when all of the following conditions are met: the application login flow contains a specific secondary authenticator, the Conditional Authentication script is configured with particular event callbacks and re-executes an authentication step, the targeted user has one of the impacted authenticators enrolled, and the attacker successfully completes any preceding authentication steps.

Published: 2026-08-06

Score: 9.4 Critical

EPSS: < 1% Very Low

KEV: No

Impact:

Action:

Analysis

Impact

The Conditional Authentication script used by several WSO2 products fails to enforce the completion of all required authentication steps when a specific multi‑step pattern is configured. As a result, an attacker can bypass intermediate authentication challenges and gain unauthorized access to a target user’s account. This flaw directly enables account takeover and is reflected by the high CVSS score of 9.4, indicating a serious risk to confidentiality and integrity.

Affected Systems

The vulnerability affects multiple WSO2 products, including the API Control Plane, API Manager, Carbon Identity Application Authentication Framework, Identity Server, Identity Server as Key Manager, Open Banking API Manager, Open Banking IAM, Open Banking KM, Traffic Manager, and Universal Gateway. Version information is not available from the current data, so all current releases are potentially impacted unless patched.

Risk and Exploitability

The CVSS score of 9.4 classifies this as critical, while the EPSS score is not available and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV. An attacker can exploit the flaw by engaging the normal login flow over the internet, completing any required preceding authentication steps, and then manipulating the callback mechanism to bypass subsequent challenges. The attack requires that the user has a vulnerable authenticator enrolled and that the application uses the conditioned authentication script configured with the specific callbacks.

Default status is the baseline for the product, each version can override it (e.g. patched versions marked unaffected).

Vendor Product Default status Versions

WSO2

WSO2 Identity Server

unaffected

Version	Status	Constraints
`0`	unknown	< 5.7.0
`5.7.0`	affected	< 5.7.0.130
`5.8.0`	affected	< 5.8.0.113
`5.9.0`	affected	< 5.9.0.173
`5.10.0`	affected	< 5.10.0.385
`5.11.0`	affected	< 5.11.0.432
`6.0.0`	affected	< 6.0.0.259
`6.1.0`	affected	< 6.1.0.260
`7.0.0`	affected	< 7.0.0.138
`7.1.0`	affected	< 7.1.0.45
`7.1.0`	affected	< 7.1.0.49
`7.2.0`	affected	< 7.2.0.7

WSO2

WSO2 API Manager

unaffected

Version	Status	Constraints
`0`	unknown	< 2.6.0
`2.6.0`	affected	< 2.6.0.150
`3.0.0`	affected	< 3.0.0.180
`3.1.0`	affected	< 3.1.0.356
`3.2.0`	affected	< 3.2.0.460
`3.2.1`	affected	< 3.2.1.79
`4.0.0`	affected	< 4.0.0.381
`4.1.0`	affected	< 4.1.0.244
`4.2.0`	affected	< 4.2.0.184
`4.3.0`	affected	< 4.3.0.95
`4.4.0`	affected	< 4.4.0.59
`4.5.0`	affected	< 4.5.0.44
`4.6.0`	affected	< 4.6.0.8

WSO2

WSO2 Open Banking AM

unaffected

Version	Status	Constraints
`0`	unknown	< 1.4.0
`1.4.0`	affected	< 1.4.0.143
`1.5.0`	affected	< 1.5.0.144
`2.0.0`	affected	< 2.0.0.405

WSO2

WSO2 Open Banking IAM

unaffected

Version	Status	Constraints
`0`	unknown	< 2.0.0
`2.0.0`	affected	< 2.0.0.425

WSO2

WSO2 Traffic Manager

unaffected

Version	Status	Constraints
`0`	unknown	< 4.5.0
`4.5.0`	affected	< 4.5.0.43
`4.6.0`	affected	< 4.6.0.8

WSO2

WSO2 Universal Gateway

unaffected

Version	Status	Constraints
`4.5.0`	affected	< 4.5.0.43
`4.5.0`	affected	< 4.5.0.44
`4.6.0`	affected	< 4.6.0.8

WSO2

WSO2 API Control Plane

unaffected

Version	Status	Constraints
`4.5.0`	affected	< 4.5.0.45
`4.6.0`	affected	< 4.6.0.9

WSO2

WSO2 Identity Server as Key Manager

unaffected

Version	Status	Constraints
`0`	unknown	< 5.7.0
`5.7.0`	affected	< 5.7.0.129
`5.9.0`	affected	< 5.9.0.179
`5.10.0`	affected	< 5.10.0.376

WSO2

WSO2 Open Banking KM

unaffected

Version	Status	Constraints
`0`	unknown	< 1.4.0
`1.4.0`	affected	< 1.4.0.137
`1.5.0`	affected	< 1.5.0.127

WSO2

WSO2 Carbon Identity Application Authentication Framework

unknown

Version	Status	Constraints
`5.12.153`	affected	< 5.12.153.66
`5.12.387`	affected	< 5.12.387.48
`5.14.97`	affected	< 5.14.97.94
`5.17.5`	affected	< 5.17.5.337
`5.17.118`	affected	< 5.17.118.24
`5.18.187`	affected	< 5.18.187.334
`5.18.248`	affected	< 5.18.248.34
`5.23.8`	affected	< 5.23.8.221
`5.24.8`	affected	< 5.24.8.29
`5.25.92`	affected	< 5.25.92.177
`5.25.705`	affected	< 5.25.705.23
`5.25.713`	affected	< 5.25.713.12
`5.25.724`	affected	< 5.25.724.8
`5.25.736`	affected	< 5.25.736.3
`7.0.78`	affected	< 7.0.78.171
`7.8.23`	affected	< 7.8.23.95
`7.8.586`	affected	< 7.8.586.21
`5.25.738`	unaffected	≤ 5.25.*
`7.8.646`	unaffected	≤ *

No data.

Vendor Product Confidence Versions

Wso2

Api Control Plane

95%

Version	Status	Scheme	Platform
`[0,5.7.0)`	unknown	generic	—
`[5.7.0,5.7.0.130)`	affected	generic	—
`[5.8.0,5.8.0.113)`	affected	generic	—
`[5.9.0,5.9.0.173)`	affected	generic	—
`[5.10.0,5.10.0.385)`	affected	generic	—
`[5.11.0,5.11.0.432)`	affected	generic	—
`[6.0.0,6.0.0.259)`	affected	generic	—
`[6.1.0,6.1.0.260)`	affected	generic	—
`[7.0.0,7.0.0.138)`	affected	generic	—

Wso2

Api Manager

95%

Version	Status	Scheme	Platform
`[0,2.6.0)`	unknown	generic	—
`[2.6.0,2.6.0.150)`	affected	generic	—
`[3.0.0,3.0.0.180)`	affected	generic	—
`[3.1.0,3.1.0.356)`	affected	generic	—
`[3.2.0,3.2.0.460)`	affected	generic	—
`[3.2.1,3.2.1.79)`	affected	generic	—
`[4.0.0,4.0.0.381)`	affected	generic	—
`[4.1.0,4.1.0.244)`	affected	generic	—
`[4.2.0,4.2.0.184)`	affected	generic	—
`[4.3.0,4.3.0.95)`	affected	generic	—
`[4.4.0,4.4.0.59)`	affected	generic	—
`[4.5.0,4.5.0.44)`	affected	generic	—
`[4.6.0,4.6.0.8)`	affected	generic	—

Wso2

Carbon Identity Application Authentication Framework

95%

Version	Status	Scheme	Platform
`[0,5.12.153)`	unknown	generic	—
`[5.12.153,5.12.153.66)`	affected	generic	—
`[5.12.387,5.12.387.48)`	affected	generic	—
`[5.14.97,5.14.97.94)`	affected	generic	—
`[5.17.5,5.17.5.337)`	affected	generic	—
`[5.17.118,5.17.118.24)`	affected	generic	—
`[5.18.187,5.18.187.334)`	affected	generic	—
`[5.18.248,5.18.248.34)`	affected	generic	—
`[5.23.8,5.23.8.221)`	affected	generic	—
`[5.24.8,5.24.8.29)`	affected	generic	—
`[5.25.92,5.25.92.177)`	affected	generic	—
`[5.25.705,5.25.705.23)`	affected	generic	—
`[5.25.713,5.25.713.12)`	affected	generic	—
`[5.25.724,5.25.724.8)`	affected	generic	—
`[5.25.736,5.25.736.3)`	affected	generic	—
`[7.0.78,7.0.78.171)`	affected	generic	—
`[7.8.23,7.8.23.95)`	affected	generic	—
`[7.8.586,7.8.586.21)`	affected	generic	—
`[5.25.738,*]`	unaffected	generic	—
`[7.8.646,*]`	unaffected	generic	—

Wso2

Identity Server

95%

Version	Status	Scheme	Platform
`[0,5.7.0)`	unknown	generic	—
`[5.7.0,5.7.0.130)`	affected	generic	—
`[5.8.0,5.8.0.113)`	affected	generic	—
`[5.9.0,5.9.0.173)`	affected	generic	—
`[5.10.0,5.10.0.385)`	affected	generic	—
`[5.11.0,5.11.0.432)`	affected	generic	—
`[6.0.0,6.0.0.259)`	affected	generic	—
`[7.0.0,7.0.0.138)`	affected	generic	—
`[7.1.0,7.1.0.45)`	affected	generic	—
`[7.2.0,7.2.0.7)`	affected	generic	—

Wso2

Identity Server As Key Manager

95%

Version	Status	Scheme	Platform
`[0,5.7.0)`	unknown	generic	—
`[5.7.0,5.7.0.129)`	affected	generic	—
`[5.9.0,5.9.0.179)`	affected	generic	—
`[5.10.0,5.10.0.376)`	affected	generic	—

Wso2

Open Banking Am

95%

Version	Status	Scheme	Platform
`[0,1.4.0)`	unknown	generic	—
`[1.4.0,1.4.0.143)`	affected	generic	—
`[1.5.0,1.5.0.144)`	affected	generic	—

Wso2

Open Banking Iam

95%

Version	Status	Scheme	Platform
`[0,2.0.0)`	unknown	generic	—
`[2.0.0,2.0.0.425)`	affected	generic	—

Wso2

Open Banking Km

95%

Version	Status	Scheme	Platform
`[0,1.4.0)`	unknown	generic	—
`[1.4.0,1.4.0.137)`	affected	generic	—
`[1.5.0,1.5.0.127)`	affected	generic	—

Wso2

Traffic Manager

95%

Version	Status	Scheme	Platform
`[0,4.5.0)`	unknown	generic	—
`[4.5.0,4.5.0.43)`	affected	generic	—
`[4.6.0,4.6.0.8)`	affected	generic	—

Wso2

Universal Gateway

95%

Version	Status	Scheme	Platform
`[4.5.0,4.5.0.43)`	affected	generic	—
`[4.5.0,4.5.0.44)`	affected	generic	—
`[4.6.0,4.6.0.8)`	affected	generic	—

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Remediation

Vendor Solution

Follow the instructions given on https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-2025-4973/#solution

OpenCVE Recommended Actions

Apply the official fix by following WSO2’s solution instructions and upgrading to the patched versions of the affected products.
Disable the vulnerable secondary authenticator and reconfigure the conditional authentication script to require completion of all authentication steps before granting access.
Monitor authentication logs for anomalous patterns and enforce account lockout policies to reduce the impact of any attempted takeovers.

Generated by OpenCVE AI on August 6, 2026 at 09:22 UTC.

Tracking

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Advisories

No advisories yet.

No CVSS v4.0

Attack Vector Network

Attack Complexity Low

Privileges Required None

Scope Unchanged

Confidentiality Impact High

Integrity Impact High

Availability Impact Low

User Interaction None

No CVSS v3.0

No CVSS v2

This CVE is not in the KEV list.

The EPSS score is 0.00391.

Exploitation none

Automatable yes

Technical Impact total

References

Link	Providers
https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-2025-4973/

History

Thu, 06 Aug 2026 15:30:00 +0000

Type	Values Removed	Values Added
First Time appeared		Wso2 api Control Plane Wso2 api Manager Wso2 carbon Identity Application Authentication Framework Wso2 identity Server Wso2 identity Server As Key Manager Wso2 open Banking Am Wso2 open Banking Iam Wso2 open Banking Km Wso2 traffic Manager Wso2 universal Gateway
Vendors & Products		Wso2 api Control Plane Wso2 api Manager Wso2 carbon Identity Application Authentication Framework Wso2 identity Server Wso2 identity Server As Key Manager Wso2 open Banking Am Wso2 open Banking Iam Wso2 open Banking Km Wso2 traffic Manager Wso2 universal Gateway

Thu, 06 Aug 2026 13:30:00 +0000

Type	Values Removed	Values Added
Metrics		ssvc `{'options': {'Automatable': 'yes', 'Exploitation': 'none', 'Technical Impact': 'total'}, 'version': '2.0.3'}`

Thu, 06 Aug 2026 08:15:00 +0000

Type	Values Removed	Values Added
Description		The Conditional Authentication (Adaptive Authentication) script does not correctly enforce the completion of all required authentication steps when a specific multi-step pattern involving certain authenticators is configured. This allows an attacker to bypass intermediate authentication challenges by exploiting how the script handles callbacks and re-execution of authentication steps. Successful exploitation allows a malicious actor to gain unauthorized access to a targeted user account. This vulnerability can only be exploited when all of the following conditions are met: the application login flow contains a specific secondary authenticator, the Conditional Authentication script is configured with particular event callbacks and re-executes an authentication step, the targeted user has one of the impacted authenticators enrolled, and the attacker successfully completes any preceding authentication steps.
Title		Account Takeover via Conditional Authentication Script Logic in Multiple WSO2 Products
First Time appeared		Wso2 Wso2 wso2 Api Control Plane Wso2 wso2 Api Manager Wso2 wso2 Carbon Identity Application Authentication Framework Wso2 wso2 Identity Server Wso2 wso2 Identity Server As Key Manager Wso2 wso2 Open Banking Am Wso2 wso2 Open Banking Iam Wso2 wso2 Open Banking Km Wso2 wso2 Traffic Manager Wso2 wso2 Universal Gateway
Weaknesses		CWE-693
CPEs		cpe:2.3:a:wso2:wso2_api_control_plane:::::::: cpe:2.3:a:wso2:wso2_api_manager:::::::: cpe:2.3:a:wso2:wso2_carbon_identity_application_authentication_framework:::::::: cpe:2.3:a:wso2:wso2_identity_server:::::::: cpe:2.3:a:wso2:wso2_identity_server_as_key_manager:::::::: cpe:2.3:a:wso2:wso2_open_banking_am:::::::: cpe:2.3:a:wso2:wso2_open_banking_iam:::::::: cpe:2.3:a:wso2:wso2_open_banking_km:::::::: cpe:2.3:a:wso2:wso2_traffic_manager:::::::: cpe:2.3:a:wso2:wso2_universal_gateway::::::::
Vendors & Products		Wso2 Wso2 wso2 Api Control Plane Wso2 wso2 Api Manager Wso2 wso2 Carbon Identity Application Authentication Framework Wso2 wso2 Identity Server Wso2 wso2 Identity Server As Key Manager Wso2 wso2 Open Banking Am Wso2 wso2 Open Banking Iam Wso2 wso2 Open Banking Km Wso2 wso2 Traffic Manager Wso2 wso2 Universal Gateway
References		https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-2025-4973/
Metrics		cvssV3_1 `{'score': 9.4, 'vector': 'CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L'}`

Subscriptions

Wso2 Api Control Plane Api Manager Carbon Identity Application Authentication Framework Identity Server Identity Server As Key Manager Open Banking Am Open Banking Iam Open Banking Km Traffic Manager Universal Gateway Wso2 Api Control Plane Wso2 Api Manager Wso2 Carbon Identity Application Authentication Framework Wso2 Identity Server Wso2 Identity Server As Key Manager Wso2 Open Banking Am Wso2 Open Banking Iam Wso2 Open Banking Km Wso2 Traffic Manager Wso2 Universal Gateway

MITRE

Status: PUBLISHED

Assigner: WSO2

Published: 2026-08-06T07:33:23.097Z

Updated: 2026-08-06T12:31:43.779Z

Reserved: 2025-12-23T08:27:22.275Z

Link: CVE-2025-15039

Vulnrichment

Updated: 2026-08-06T12:31:40.686Z

NVD

No data.

Redhat

No data.

OpenCVE Enrichment

Updated: 2026-08-06T15:15:12Z

Weaknesses

CWE-693
Protection Mechanism Failure

Impact

Affected Systems

Risk and Exploitability

Tracking

Attack Vector Network

Attack Complexity Low

Privileges Required None

Scope Unchanged

Confidentiality Impact High

Integrity Impact High

Availability Impact Low

User Interaction None

Exploitation none

Automatable yes

Technical Impact total

Subscriptions

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