CVE-2025-43195

Environment Variable Validation Flaw Allows Sensitive Data Exposure

View on CVE.org
Published Jul 29, 2025 CVSS 3.1 · 5.5 Medium EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed
Description
An issue existed in the handling of environment variables. This issue was addressed with improved validation. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.6, macOS Sonoma 14.7.7, macOS Ventura 13.7.7. An app may be able to access sensitive user data.

Analysis

AI-generated

Technical impact

Apple macOS handles environment variables without adequate validation. The flaw allows an application to read or modify sensitive user data through these variables, embodying a classic insecure input validation weakness (CWE‑20). The consequences are limited to confidentiality loss of data stored in environment variables but can be leveraged by a malicious app to gain unintended access to that data.

Affected Systems

The vulnerability affects Apple macOS in the following releases: macOS Sequoia 15.6, macOS Sonoma 14.7.7, and macOS Ventura 13.7.7. Other macOS versions not listed are assumed unaffected without explicit statements.

Risk and Exploitability

The CVSS score of 5.5 indicates medium severity, while the EPSS score of <1% shows a low likelihood of exploitation today, and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV. The likely attack vector is local, requiring a malicious application running on the user’s machine to set or read the compromised environment variables.

Remediation

No solution or workaround provided in the CVE record.

OpenCVE Recommended Actions

  • Apply the macOS update to macOS Sequoia 15.6, macOS Sonoma 14.7.7, or macOS Ventura 13.7.7 to incorporate the improved validation.
  • Reboot the system so that the updated environment variable handling takes effect.
  • If an update is not immediately available, launch untrusted applications in a sanitized environment by clearing or restricting environment variables, or run them within a sandboxed context to prevent access to sensitive data.

Generated by OpenCVE AI on April 28, 2026 at 10:56 UTC.

Tracking

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Advisories

Source ID Title
EUVD EUVD EUVD-2025-23117 An issue existed in the handling of environment variables. This issue was addressed with improved validation. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.6, macOS Sonoma 14.7.7, macOS Ventura 13.7.7. An app may be able to access sensitive user data.
History
Type Values Removed Values Added
Title Environment Variable Validation Flaw Allows Sensitive Data Exposure
Type Values Removed Values Added
CPEs cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Type Values Removed Values Added
Weaknesses CWE-20
Metrics cvssV3_1

{'score': 5.5, 'vector': 'CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N'}

ssvc

{'options': {'Automatable': 'no', 'Exploitation': 'none', 'Technical Impact': 'partial'}, 'version': '2.0.3'}
Type Values Removed Values Added
First Time appeared Apple
Apple macos
Apple macos Sequoia
Apple macos Sonoma
Apple macos Ventura
Vendors & Products Apple
Apple macos
Apple macos Sequoia
Apple macos Sonoma
Apple macos Ventura
Type Values Removed Values Added
Description An issue existed in the handling of environment variables. This issue was addressed with improved validation. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.6, macOS Sonoma 14.7.7, macOS Ventura 13.7.7. An app may be able to access sensitive user data.
References
Earlier changes (1)
Weaknesses
  • CWE-20

    Improper Input Validation

Sources

Status
PUBLISHED
Assigner
apple
Published
Updated
Apr 2, 2026, 6:16 PM
Reserved
Apr 16, 2025, 3:24 PM

View source JSON

Updated
Jul 30, 2025, 1:24 PM

JSON

Status
Modified
Published
Jul 30, 2025, 12:15 AM
Modified
Jun 17, 2026, 9:23 AM

View source JSON

No data.

Updated
Apr 28, 2026, 11:00 AM

JSON