{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.1", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2025-9905", "assignerOrgId": "14ed7db2-1595-443d-9d34-6215bf890778", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Google", "dateReserved": "2025-09-03T07:27:18.212Z", "datePublished": "2025-09-19T08:16:44.772Z", "dateUpdated": "2025-09-19T08:16:44.772Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"affected": [{"collectionURL": "https://github.com/keras-team/keras", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "packageName": "keras", "product": "Keras", "repo": "https://github.com/keras-team/keras", "vendor": "Keras-team", "versions": [{"lessThanOrEqual": "3.11.2", "status": "affected", "version": "3.0.0", "versionType": "semver"}]}], "credits": [{"lang": "en", "type": "finder", "value": "Gabriele Digregorio"}], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "supportingMedia": [{"base64": false, "type": "text/html", "value": "<p>The Keras <code>Model.load_model</code>&nbsp;method can be exploited to achieve arbitrary code execution, even with <code>safe_mode=True</code>.</p><p>One can create a specially crafted <code>.h5</code>/<code>.hdf5</code>&nbsp;model archive that, when loaded via <code>Model.load_model</code>, will trigger arbitrary code to be executed.</p><p>This is achieved by crafting a special <code>.h5</code>&nbsp;archive file that uses the <code>Lambda</code>&nbsp;layer feature of keras which allows arbitrary Python code in the form of pickled code. The vulnerability comes from the fact that the <code>safe_mode=True</code>&nbsp;option is not honored when reading <code>.h5</code>&nbsp;archives.</p><p>Note that the <code>.h5</code>/<code>.hdf5</code>&nbsp;format is a legacy format supported by Keras 3 for backwards compatibility.</p><br>"}], "value": "The Keras Model.load_model\u00a0method can be exploited to achieve arbitrary code execution, even with safe_mode=True.\n\nOne can create a specially crafted .h5/.hdf5\u00a0model archive that, when loaded via Model.load_model, will trigger arbitrary code to be executed.\n\nThis is achieved by crafting a special .h5\u00a0archive file that uses the Lambda\u00a0layer feature of keras which allows arbitrary Python code in the form of pickled code. The vulnerability comes from the fact that the safe_mode=True\u00a0option is not honored when reading .h5\u00a0archives.\n\nNote that the .h5/.hdf5\u00a0format is a legacy format supported by Keras 3 for backwards compatibility."}], "impacts": [{"capecId": "CAPEC-175", "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CAPEC-175 Code Inclusion"}]}], "metrics": [{"cvssV4_0": {"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED", "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED", "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED", "attackComplexity": "HIGH", "attackRequirements": "PRESENT", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "baseScore": 7.3, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED", "subAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "subConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "subIntegrityImpact": "HIGH", "userInteraction": "PASSIVE", "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H", "version": "4.0", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"}, "format": "CVSS", "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "GENERAL"}]}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"cweId": "CWE-913", "description": "CWE-913 Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources", "lang": "en", "type": "CWE"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "14ed7db2-1595-443d-9d34-6215bf890778", "shortName": "Google", "dateUpdated": "2025-09-19T08:16:44.772Z"}, "references": [{"tags": ["patch"], "url": "https://github.com/keras-team/keras/pull/21602"}, {"url": "https://github.com/keras-team/keras/security/advisories/GHSA-36rr-ww3j-vrjv"}], "source": {"discovery": "UNKNOWN"}, "title": "Arbitary Code execution in Keras load_model()", "x_generator": {"engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"}}}}

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{"cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "The Keras Model.load_model\u00a0method can be exploited to achieve arbitrary code execution, even with safe_mode=True.\n\nOne can create a specially crafted .h5/.hdf5\u00a0model archive that, when loaded via Model.load_model, will trigger arbitrary code to be executed.\n\nThis is achieved by crafting a special .h5\u00a0archive file that uses the Lambda\u00a0layer feature of keras which allows arbitrary Python code in the form of pickled code. The vulnerability comes from the fact that the safe_mode=True\u00a0option is not honored when reading .h5\u00a0archives.\n\nNote that the .h5/.hdf5\u00a0format is a legacy format supported by Keras 3 for backwards compatibility."}], "id": "CVE-2025-9905", "lastModified": "2025-09-19T09:15:36.033", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV40": [{"cvssData": {"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED", "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED", "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED", "attackComplexity": "HIGH", "attackRequirements": "PRESENT", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "baseScore": 7.3, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED", "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED", "subAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "subConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "subIntegrityImpact": "HIGH", "userInteraction": "PASSIVE", "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X", "version": "4.0", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH", "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"}, "source": "cve-coordination@google.com", "type": "Secondary"}]}, "published": "2025-09-19T09:15:36.033", "references": [{"source": "cve-coordination@google.com", "url": "https://github.com/keras-team/keras/pull/21602"}, {"source": "cve-coordination@google.com", "url": "https://github.com/keras-team/keras/security/advisories/GHSA-36rr-ww3j-vrjv"}], "sourceIdentifier": "cve-coordination@google.com", "vulnStatus": "Received", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-913"}], "source": "cve-coordination@google.com", "type": "Secondary"}]}

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