Description
python-markdown2 through 2.5.5 contains a denial of service vulnerability that allows remote users to exhaust CPU by submitting Markdown with unclosed inline link destinations. Attackers can submit repeated '[a](' or '![a](' sequences, causing _find_balanced to rescan the remaining document for each link and consume quadratic CPU time.
Published: 2026-10-28
Score: 8.7 High
EPSS: n/a
KEV: No
Impact: Denial of Service
Action: Immediate Patch
AI Analysis

Impact

python-markdown2 through version 2.5.5 contains a denial of service flaw that allows remote users to exhaust CPU by submitting Markdown with unclosed inline link destinations. Repeating sequences such as "[a](" or "![a](" causes an internal function to rescan the remaining document for each link, resulting in quadratic CPU consumption. The vulnerability is categorized as CWE-407, insecure resource consumption, and can be triggered without authentication.

Affected Systems

The vulnerable component is python-markdown2 from the Python‑Markdown2 project. All releases up to and including 2.5.5 are affected. The library is often embedded in web applications or content management systems that render user‑supplied Markdown.

Risk and Exploitability

The flaw has a CVSS score of 8.7, indicating a high‑severity denial of service that can be triggered by an unauthenticated attacker. No EPSS score is available, and the issue is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, so the current exploitation probability remains unclear. Attackers can remotely exercise the vulnerability by submitting crafted Markdown to any service that uses the vulnerable library. Simple patterns such as "[a](" or "![a](" can trigger quadratic CPU usage, potentially exhausting server resources.

Generated by OpenCVE AI on October 28, 2026 at 22:24 UTC.

Remediation

No solution or workaround provided in the CVE record.

OpenCVE Recommended Actions

  • Upgrade to the latest python-markdown2 release that removes the vulnerability.
  • If an upgrade is not possible, validate or sanitize Markdown to reject inputs containing unclosed link delimiters before rendering.
  • Apply rate‑limiting or CPU/memory caps to the Markdown processing path to mitigate the impact of a denial‑of‑service attack.

Generated by OpenCVE AI on October 28, 2026 at 22:24 UTC.

Tracking

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Advisories

No advisories yet.

History

Wed, 28 Oct 2026 21:30:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Description python-markdown2 through 2.5.5 contains a denial of service vulnerability that allows remote users to exhaust CPU by submitting Markdown with unclosed inline link destinations. Attackers can submit repeated '[a](' or '![a](' sequences, causing _find_balanced to rescan the remaining document for each link and consume quadratic CPU time.
Title python-markdown2 through 2.5.5 Denial of Service via Unclosed Inline Link Destinations
First Time appeared Python-markdown2 Project
Python-markdown2 Project python-markdown2
Weaknesses CWE-407
CPEs cpe:2.3:a:python-markdown2_project:python-markdown2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Vendors & Products Python-markdown2 Project
Python-markdown2 Project python-markdown2
References
Metrics cvssV3_1

{'score': 7.5, 'vector': 'CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H'}

cvssV4_0

{'score': 8.7, 'vector': 'CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N'}


Subscriptions

Python-markdown2 Project Python-markdown2
cve-icon MITRE

Status: PUBLISHED

Assigner: VulnCheck

Published:

Updated: 2026-10-28T21:11:20.814Z

Reserved: 2026-10-28T17:31:29.498Z

Link: CVE-2026-118694

cve-icon Vulnrichment

No data.

cve-icon NVD

Status : Received

Published: 2026-10-28T22:17:13.700

Modified: 2026-10-28T22:17:13.700

Link: CVE-2026-118694

cve-icon Redhat

No data.

cve-icon OpenCVE Enrichment

Updated: 2026-10-28T22:30:12Z

Weaknesses
  • CWE-407

    Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity