Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

btrfs: only release the dirty pages io tree after successful writes

[WARNING]
With extra warning on dirty extent buffers at umount (aka, the next
patch in the series), test case generic/388 can trigger the following
warning about dirty extent buffers at unmount time:

BTRFS critical (device dm-2 state E): emergency shutdown
BTRFS error (device dm-2 state E): error while writing out transaction: -30
BTRFS warning (device dm-2 state E): Skipping commit of aborted transaction.
BTRFS error (device dm-2 state EA): Transaction 9 aborted (error -30)
BTRFS: error (device dm-2 state EA) in cleanup_transaction:2068: errno=-30 Readonly filesystem
BTRFS info (device dm-2 state EA): forced readonly
BTRFS info (device dm-2 state EA): last unmount of filesystem 4fbf2e15-f941-49a0-bc7c-716315d2777c
------------[ cut here ]------------
WARNING: disk-io.c:3311 at invalidate_and_check_btree_folios+0xfd/0x1ca [btrfs], CPU#8: umount/914368
CPU: 8 UID: 0 PID: 914368 Comm: umount Tainted: G OE 7.1.0-rc1-custom+ #372 PREEMPT(full) 2de38db8d1deae71fde295430a0ff3ab98ccf596
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS unknown 02/02/2022
RIP: 0010:invalidate_and_check_btree_folios+0xfd/0x1ca [btrfs]
Call Trace:
<TASK>
close_ctree+0x52e/0x574 [btrfs d2f0b1cd330d1287e7a9919d112eadfc0e914efd]
generic_shutdown_super+0x89/0x1a0
kill_anon_super+0x16/0x40
btrfs_kill_super+0x16/0x20 [btrfs d2f0b1cd330d1287e7a9919d112eadfc0e914efd]
deactivate_locked_super+0x2d/0xb0
cleanup_mnt+0xdc/0x140
task_work_run+0x5a/0xa0
exit_to_user_mode_loop+0x123/0x4b0
do_syscall_64+0x243/0x7c0
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53
</TASK>
---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
BTRFS warning (device dm-2 state EA): unable to release extent buffer 30539776 owner 9 gen 9 refs 2 flags 0x7
BTRFS warning (device dm-2 state EA): unable to release extent buffer 30621696 owner 257 gen 9 refs 2 flags 0x7
BTRFS warning (device dm-2 state EA): unable to release extent buffer 30638080 owner 258 gen 9 refs 2 flags 0x7
BTRFS warning (device dm-2 state EA): unable to release extent buffer 30654464 owner 7 gen 9 refs 2 flags 0x7
BTRFS warning (device dm-2 state EA): unable to release extent buffer 30703616 owner 2 gen 9 refs 2 flags 0x7
BTRFS warning (device dm-2 state EA): unable to release extent buffer 30720000 owner 10 gen 9 refs 2 flags 0x7
BTRFS warning (device dm-2 state EA): unable to release extent buffer 30736384 owner 4 gen 9 refs 2 flags 0x7
BTRFS warning (device dm-2 state EA): unable to release extent buffer 30752768 owner 11 gen 9 refs 2 flags 0x7

I'm using a stripped down version, which seems to trigger the warning
more reliably:

_fsstress_pid=""
workload()
{
dmesg -C
mkfs.btrfs -f -K $dev > /dev/null
echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/clear_warn_once
mount $dev $mnt
$fsstress -w -n 1024 -p 4 -d $mnt &
_fsstress_pid=$!
sleep 0
$godown $mnt
pkill --echo -PIPE fsstress > /dev/null
wait $_fsstress_pid
unset _fsstress_pid
umount $mnt

if dmesg | grep -q "WARNING"; then
fail
fi
}

for (( i = 0; i < $runtime; i++ )); do
echo "=== $i/$runtime ==="
workload
done

[CAUSE]
Inside btrfs_write_and_wait_transaction(), we first try to write all
dirty ebs, then wait for them to finish.

After that we call btrfs_extent_io_tree_release() to free all
extent states from dirty_pages io tree.

However if we hit an error from btrfs_write_marked_extent(), then we
still call btrfs_extent_io_tree_release() to clear that dirty_pages io
tree, which may contain dirty records that we haven't yet submitted.

Furthermore, the later transaction cleanup path will utilize that
dirty_pages io tree to properly cleanup those dirty ebs, but since it's
already empty, no dirty ebs are properly cleaned up, thus will later
trigger the warnings inside invalidate_btree_folios().
---truncated---
Published: 2026-06-26
Score: 7.5 High
EPSS: < 1% Very Low
KEV: No
Impact: n/a
Action: n/a
AI Analysis

Impact

A defect in the Linux kernel’s btrfs subsystem causes dirty extent buffers to be released even when a write operation fails. This leaves unsubmitted buffers in the dirty_pages tree, and subsequent cleanup attempts free buffers that were never written, triggering cascading kernel warnings and forcing the filesystem into a read‑only state. The impact is loss of write progress, potential data corruption on unmount, and degraded reliability of the btrfs filesystem, but it does not provide an explicit remote code execution path.

Affected Systems

The issue affects Linux kernel builds that compile the btrfs filesystem, including custom kernels such as the 7.1.0‑rc1-custom+ version referenced by the patch series. Any deployment using btrfs without the patch commit 4066c55e109475a06d18a1f127c939d551211956 applied may experience the described warnings and errors when unmounting or performing intensive write workloads.

Risk and Exploitability

Based on the description, the likely attack vector is local interaction with an affected btrfs filesystem; no remote exploitation path is documented. The CVSS score of 7.5 indicates high severity, but the EPSS score is reported as < 1%, placing it in a very low but nonzero exploitation probability. The vulnerability is not listed in CISA’s KEV catalog, further suggesting a limited exploitation likelihood. Consequently, the risk is principally data integrity and availability rather than privilege escalation.

Generated by OpenCVE AI on June 29, 2026 at 15:27 UTC.

Remediation

No vendor fix or workaround currently provided.

OpenCVE Recommended Actions

  • Install a kernel version that includes the patch commit 4066c55e109475a06d18a1f127c939d551211956 for btrfs_write_and_wait_transaction
  • If a kernel update cannot be performed immediately, avoid using btrfs on workloads that involve frequent writes, or switch to a different filesystem; alternatively, remount critical btrfs volumes as read‑only during maintenance windows to bypass the faulty cleanup path
  • Continuously monitor kernel logs for BTRFS warnings about unreleased extent buffers and trigger remediation when such messages appear

Generated by OpenCVE AI on June 29, 2026 at 15:27 UTC.

Tracking

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Advisories

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History

Mon, 29 Jun 2026 14:15:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Weaknesses CWE-648
CWE-665

Mon, 29 Jun 2026 12:15:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Weaknesses CWE-459
References
Metrics threat_severity

None

 threat_severity

Low

Sun, 28 Jun 2026 14:30:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Weaknesses CWE-648
CWE-665

Sun, 28 Jun 2026 12:15:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Weaknesses CWE-703

Sun, 28 Jun 2026 08:00:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Metrics cvssV3_1

{'score': 7.5, 'vector': 'CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H'}

Fri, 26 Jun 2026 23:00:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Weaknesses CWE-703

Fri, 26 Jun 2026 20:15:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Description In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: only release the dirty pages io tree after successful writes [WARNING] With extra warning on dirty extent buffers at umount (aka, the next patch in the series), test case generic/388 can trigger the following warning about dirty extent buffers at unmount time: BTRFS critical (device dm-2 state E): emergency shutdown BTRFS error (device dm-2 state E): error while writing out transaction: -30 BTRFS warning (device dm-2 state E): Skipping commit of aborted transaction. BTRFS error (device dm-2 state EA): Transaction 9 aborted (error -30) BTRFS: error (device dm-2 state EA) in cleanup_transaction:2068: errno=-30 Readonly filesystem BTRFS info (device dm-2 state EA): forced readonly BTRFS info (device dm-2 state EA): last unmount of filesystem 4fbf2e15-f941-49a0-bc7c-716315d2777c ------------[ cut here ]------------ WARNING: disk-io.c:3311 at invalidate_and_check_btree_folios+0xfd/0x1ca [btrfs], CPU#8: umount/914368 CPU: 8 UID: 0 PID: 914368 Comm: umount Tainted: G OE 7.1.0-rc1-custom+ #372 PREEMPT(full) 2de38db8d1deae71fde295430a0ff3ab98ccf596 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS unknown 02/02/2022 RIP: 0010:invalidate_and_check_btree_folios+0xfd/0x1ca [btrfs] Call Trace: <TASK> close_ctree+0x52e/0x574 [btrfs d2f0b1cd330d1287e7a9919d112eadfc0e914efd] generic_shutdown_super+0x89/0x1a0 kill_anon_super+0x16/0x40 btrfs_kill_super+0x16/0x20 [btrfs d2f0b1cd330d1287e7a9919d112eadfc0e914efd] deactivate_locked_super+0x2d/0xb0 cleanup_mnt+0xdc/0x140 task_work_run+0x5a/0xa0 exit_to_user_mode_loop+0x123/0x4b0 do_syscall_64+0x243/0x7c0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53 </TASK> ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- BTRFS warning (device dm-2 state EA): unable to release extent buffer 30539776 owner 9 gen 9 refs 2 flags 0x7 BTRFS warning (device dm-2 state EA): unable to release extent buffer 30621696 owner 257 gen 9 refs 2 flags 0x7 BTRFS warning (device dm-2 state EA): unable to release extent buffer 30638080 owner 258 gen 9 refs 2 flags 0x7 BTRFS warning (device dm-2 state EA): unable to release extent buffer 30654464 owner 7 gen 9 refs 2 flags 0x7 BTRFS warning (device dm-2 state EA): unable to release extent buffer 30703616 owner 2 gen 9 refs 2 flags 0x7 BTRFS warning (device dm-2 state EA): unable to release extent buffer 30720000 owner 10 gen 9 refs 2 flags 0x7 BTRFS warning (device dm-2 state EA): unable to release extent buffer 30736384 owner 4 gen 9 refs 2 flags 0x7 BTRFS warning (device dm-2 state EA): unable to release extent buffer 30752768 owner 11 gen 9 refs 2 flags 0x7 I'm using a stripped down version, which seems to trigger the warning more reliably: _fsstress_pid="" workload() { dmesg -C mkfs.btrfs -f -K $dev > /dev/null echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/clear_warn_once mount $dev $mnt $fsstress -w -n 1024 -p 4 -d $mnt & _fsstress_pid=$! sleep 0 $godown $mnt pkill --echo -PIPE fsstress > /dev/null wait $_fsstress_pid unset _fsstress_pid umount $mnt if dmesg | grep -q "WARNING"; then fail fi } for (( i = 0; i < $runtime; i++ )); do echo "=== $i/$runtime ===" workload done [CAUSE] Inside btrfs_write_and_wait_transaction(), we first try to write all dirty ebs, then wait for them to finish. After that we call btrfs_extent_io_tree_release() to free all extent states from dirty_pages io tree. However if we hit an error from btrfs_write_marked_extent(), then we still call btrfs_extent_io_tree_release() to clear that dirty_pages io tree, which may contain dirty records that we haven't yet submitted. Furthermore, the later transaction cleanup path will utilize that dirty_pages io tree to properly cleanup those dirty ebs, but since it's already empty, no dirty ebs are properly cleaned up, thus will later trigger the warnings inside invalidate_btree_folios(). ---truncated---
Title btrfs: only release the dirty pages io tree after successful writes
First Time appeared Linux
Linux linux Kernel
CPEs cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Vendors & Products Linux
Linux linux Kernel
References

Subscriptions

Linux Linux Kernel
cve-icon MITRE

Status: PUBLISHED

Assigner: Linux

Published:

Updated: 2026-06-29T04:18:59.460Z

Reserved: 2026-06-09T07:44:35.396Z

Link: CVE-2026-53284

cve-icon Vulnrichment

No data.

cve-icon NVD

No data.

cve-icon Redhat

Severity : Low

Publid Date: 2026-06-26T00:00:00Z

Links: CVE-2026-53284 - Bugzilla

cve-icon OpenCVE Enrichment

Updated: 2026-06-29T15:30:05Z

Weaknesses