Description
t-digest versions 3.1 through 3.3 contain a denial of service vulnerability in MergingDigest.fromBytes that fails to validate length and capacity fields from serialized data. Attackers can supply crafted serialized digests with mismatched header fields to trigger ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException or NegativeArraySizeException, aborting the parsing thread.
Published: 2026-09-10
Score: 8.7 High
EPSS: < 1% Very Low
KEV: No
Impact: Denial of Service
Action: Immediate Patch
AI Analysis

Impact

A flaw in t-digest 3.1 through capacity values in the header do not match the actual payload. The deserialize routine fails to verify these fields and will throw an ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException or NegativeArraySizeException, which terminates the parsing thread and results in a denial of service to any component that processes user‑supplied digests.

Affected Systems

The vulnerable product is the t-digest library from tdunning. Versions 3.1, 3.2, and 3.3 are affected; no older or later releases are mentioned as fixed.

Risk and Exploitability

The CVSS score of 8.7 indicates a high severity denial of service risk. The EPSS score is not available, so the likelihood of exploitation is unknown at present, and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV. Based on the description, it is inferred that the attack does not require elevated privileges; any attacker who can provide a maliciouslyDigest.fromBytes can trigger repeated crashes of the parsing thread, impairing availability.

Generated by OpenCVE AI on September 11, 2026 at 04:13 UTC.

Remediation

No solution or workaround provided in the CVE record.

OpenCVE Recommended Actions

  • Upgrade to the latest t-digest release that removes the header validation flaw.
  • If an upgrade is not feasible, add a wrapper around MergingDigest.fromBytes that checks that the header length and capacity values match the actual byte array size and rejects mismatched payloads before calling the original method.
  • Run the parsing logic in a sandboxed process or separate thread pool so that a crash does not affect the entire application.

Generated by OpenCVE AI on September 11, 2026 at 04:13 UTC.

Tracking

Sign in to view the affected projects.

Advisories

No advisories yet.

History

Fri, 11 Sep 2026 07:45:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
First Time appeared Tdunning
Tdunning t-digest
Vendors & Products Tdunning
Tdunning t-digest

Fri, 11 Sep 2026 00:15:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Weaknesses CWE-125
References
Metrics threat_severity

None

 threat_severity

Important

Thu, 10 Sep 2026 13:30:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Metrics ssvc

{'options': {'Automatable': 'yes', 'Exploitation': 'poc', 'Technical Impact': 'partial'}, 'version': '2.0.3'}

Thu, 10 Sep 2026 11:00:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Description t-digest versions 3.1 through 3.3 contain a denial of service vulnerability in MergingDigest.fromBytes that fails to validate length and capacity fields from serialized data. Attackers can supply crafted serialized digests with mismatched header fields to trigger ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException or NegativeArraySizeException, aborting the parsing thread.
Title t-digest 3.1 through 3.3 Denial of Service via Unvalidated Length Fields in MergingDigest.fromBytes
Weaknesses CWE-1284
References
Metrics cvssV3_1

{'score': 7.5, 'vector': 'CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H'}

cvssV4_0

{'score': 8.7, 'vector': 'CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N'}

Subscriptions

Tdunning T-digest
cve-icon MITRE

Status: PUBLISHED

Assigner: VulnCheck

Published:

Updated: 2026-09-10T12:56:58.192Z

Reserved: 2026-09-09T17:35:22.800Z

Link: CVE-2026-87962

cve-icon Vulnrichment

Updated: 2026-09-10T12:56:52.524Z

cve-icon NVD

Status : Deferred

Published: 2026-09-10T11:17:07.763

Modified: 2026-09-10T15:53:23.707

Link: CVE-2026-87962

cve-icon Redhat

Severity : Important

Publid Date: 2026-09-10T10:52:38Z

Links: CVE-2026-87962 - Bugzilla

cve-icon OpenCVE Enrichment

Updated: 2026-09-11T07:30:09Z

Weaknesses
  • CWE-125

    Out-of-bounds Read

  • CWE-1284

    Improper Validation of Specified Quantity in Input