Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

smb/client: fix stale page cache in insert/collapse range

smb3_insert_range() and smb3_collapse_range() use
truncate_pagecache_range() to invalidate the affected page cache.
However, if off or old_eof is not page-aligned, the boundary pages are
only partially zeroed and remain uptodate. As a result, the client may
return stale data after a successful insert/collapse range operation.

For example, with 4K pages:

page 0 page 1 page 2
0------4K 4K------8K 8K------12K
^ ^
off=2K old_eof=10K

Page 1 is removed from the page cache, while the boundary pages are
only partially zeroed. After COPYCHUNK moves the data on the server,
these cached pages may still return stale data.

This can be reproduced on a CIFS mount:

bash -c '
FILE=/mnt/scratch/repro

# Use a 6 KiB file so EOF is not page-aligned.
dd if=/dev/urandom of=/tmp/src bs=1K count=6 status=none

# Expected: a 4 KiB hole followed by the original data.
rm -f /tmp/expected
truncate -s 4K /tmp/expected
cat /tmp/src >> /tmp/expected

cp /tmp/src "$FILE"

# Prime the page cache before moving data on the server.
cat "$FILE" > /dev/null

fallocate --insert-range -o 0 -l 4K "$FILE"

if cmp -s /tmp/expected "$FILE"; then
echo "readback: OK"
else
echo "readback: STALE DATA"
fi
'

Fix this by writing back dirty data and discarding the page cache from
the start of the page containing off to EOF before moving data on the
server.
Published: 2026-09-25
Score: n/a
EPSS: n/a
KEV: No
Impact: Stale Data Exposure
Action: Apply Patch
AI Analysis

Impact

A bug in the Linux kernel’s SMB client causes the page cache to be partially zeroed during insert and collapse operations on a CIFS mount. When the range boundaries are not page aligned, the boundaries remain marked up‑to‑date and can still return stale data to the user after the operation has completed. This results in the client reading outdated data from the cache even though the underlying file on the server has changed. The vulnerability aligns with a cache consistency flaw, identified as CWE‑457, and does not provide arbitrary code execution or privilege escalation; it primarily undermines data integrity by exposing stale content.

Affected Systems

The flaw affects all Linux kernels that implement the SMB3 client module used for CIFS mounts. No specific kernel releases are listed in the advisory, so all supported kernel versions prior to the applied fix are potentially vulnerable. The issue is tied to the smb3_insert_range() and smb3_collapse_range() functions and manifests when the insert‑range or collapse‑range system calls are invoked by an SMB server that moves data.

Risk and Exploitability

The EPSS score is unavailable and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA’s KEV catalog, suggesting an adversary would need to trigger routine file range updates to exploit the defect. Because the bug only affects cache consistency, the likelihood of widespread exploitation is low to moderate, but systems relying on precise file state after SMB range operations should monitor for anomalous stale reads. The impact is limited to data integrity and does not allow code execution, privilege escalation, or remote access.

Generated by OpenCVE AI on September 25, 2026 at 12:50 UTC.

Remediation

No vendor fix or workaround currently provided.

OpenCVE Recommended Actions

  • Update the Linux kernel to a version that includes the fix, which implements correct page cache invalidation for SMB3 insert and collapse range operations.
  • If a kernel update cannot be performed, consider disabling SMB3 insert/collapse range support on the client by refusing write operations that modify file ranges or by configuring the server to avoid such operations.
  • Verify that the client’s page cache is cleared before performing large range writes or collapses by forcing a file cache flush (e.g., by calling fsync or re‑opening the file) as a temporary mitigation.

Generated by OpenCVE AI on September 25, 2026 at 12:50 UTC.

Tracking

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Advisories

No advisories yet.

History

Fri, 25 Sep 2026 13:15:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Weaknesses CWE-457

Fri, 25 Sep 2026 10:45:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Description In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: smb/client: fix stale page cache in insert/collapse range smb3_insert_range() and smb3_collapse_range() use truncate_pagecache_range() to invalidate the affected page cache. However, if off or old_eof is not page-aligned, the boundary pages are only partially zeroed and remain uptodate. As a result, the client may return stale data after a successful insert/collapse range operation. For example, with 4K pages: page 0 page 1 page 2 0------4K 4K------8K 8K------12K ^ ^ off=2K old_eof=10K Page 1 is removed from the page cache, while the boundary pages are only partially zeroed. After COPYCHUNK moves the data on the server, these cached pages may still return stale data. This can be reproduced on a CIFS mount: bash -c ' FILE=/mnt/scratch/repro # Use a 6 KiB file so EOF is not page-aligned. dd if=/dev/urandom of=/tmp/src bs=1K count=6 status=none # Expected: a 4 KiB hole followed by the original data. rm -f /tmp/expected truncate -s 4K /tmp/expected cat /tmp/src >> /tmp/expected cp /tmp/src "$FILE" # Prime the page cache before moving data on the server. cat "$FILE" > /dev/null fallocate --insert-range -o 0 -l 4K "$FILE" if cmp -s /tmp/expected "$FILE"; then echo "readback: OK" else echo "readback: STALE DATA" fi ' Fix this by writing back dirty data and discarding the page cache from the start of the page containing off to EOF before moving data on the server.
Title smb/client: fix stale page cache in insert/collapse range
First Time appeared Linux
Linux linux Kernel
CPEs cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Vendors & Products Linux
Linux linux Kernel
References

Subscriptions

Linux Linux Kernel
cve-icon MITRE

Status: PUBLISHED

Assigner: Linux

Published:

Updated: 2026-09-25T10:36:07.163Z

Reserved: 2026-09-25T10:25:14.318Z

Link: CVE-2026-98125

cve-icon Vulnrichment

No data.

cve-icon NVD

Status : Received

Published: 2026-09-25T11:17:43.827

Modified: 2026-09-25T11:17:43.827

Link: CVE-2026-98125

cve-icon Redhat

No data.

cve-icon OpenCVE Enrichment

Updated: 2026-09-25T13:00:15Z

Weaknesses
  • CWE-457

    Use of Uninitialized Variable