{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.1", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2022-49781", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:17:33.806Z", "datePublished": "2025-05-01T14:09:15.775Z", "dateUpdated": "2025-05-04T08:45:14.518Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2025-05-04T08:45:14.518Z"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nperf/x86/amd: Fix crash due to race between amd_pmu_enable_all, perf NMI and throttling\n\namd_pmu_enable_all() does:\n\n if (!test_bit(idx, cpuc->active_mask))\n continue;\n\n amd_pmu_enable_event(cpuc->events[idx]);\n\nA perf NMI of another event can come between these two steps. Perf NMI\nhandler internally disables and enables _all_ events, including the one\nwhich nmi-intercepted amd_pmu_enable_all() was in process of enabling.\nIf that unintentionally enabled event has very low sampling period and\ncauses immediate successive NMI, causing the event to be throttled,\ncpuc->events[idx] and cpuc->active_mask gets cleared by x86_pmu_stop().\nThis will result in amd_pmu_enable_event() getting called with event=NULL\nwhen amd_pmu_enable_all() resumes after handling the NMIs. This causes a\nkernel crash:\n\n BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000198\n #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode\n #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page\n [...]\n Call Trace:\n <TASK>\n amd_pmu_enable_all+0x68/0xb0\n ctx_resched+0xd9/0x150\n event_function+0xb8/0x130\n ? hrtimer_start_range_ns+0x141/0x4a0\n ? perf_duration_warn+0x30/0x30\n remote_function+0x4d/0x60\n __flush_smp_call_function_queue+0xc4/0x500\n flush_smp_call_function_queue+0x11d/0x1b0\n do_idle+0x18f/0x2d0\n cpu_startup_entry+0x19/0x20\n start_secondary+0x121/0x160\n secondary_startup_64_no_verify+0xe5/0xeb\n </TASK>\n\namd_pmu_disable_all()/amd_pmu_enable_all() calls inside perf NMI handler\nwere recently added as part of BRS enablement but I'm not sure whether\nwe really need them. We can just disable BRS in the beginning and enable\nit back while returning from NMI. This will solve the issue by not\nenabling those events whose active_masks are set but are not yet enabled\nin hw pmu."}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["arch/x86/events/amd/core.c"], "versions": [{"version": "ada543459cab7f653dcacdaba4011a8bb19c627c", "lessThan": "fd5e454b856ed86b090336e269695d9908609b71", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "ada543459cab7f653dcacdaba4011a8bb19c627c", "lessThan": "baa014b9543c8e5e94f5d15b66abfe60750b8284", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}]}, {"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["arch/x86/events/amd/core.c"], "versions": [{"version": "5.19", "status": "affected"}, {"version": "0", "lessThan": "5.19", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.0.10", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.0.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.1", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.19", "versionEndExcluding": "6.0.10"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.19", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fd5e454b856ed86b090336e269695d9908609b71"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/baa014b9543c8e5e94f5d15b66abfe60750b8284"}], "title": "perf/x86/amd: Fix crash due to race between amd_pmu_enable_all, perf NMI and throttling", "x_generator": {"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"}}}}

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{"configurations": [{"nodes": [{"cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "34351652-9335-4383-BE7F-D0AA497D8C41", "versionEndExcluding": "6.0.10", "versionStartIncluding": "5.19", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.1:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "E7E331DA-1FB0-4DEC-91AC-7DA69D461C11", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.1:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "17F0B248-42CF-4AE6-A469-BB1BAE7F4705", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.1:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "E2422816-0C14-4B5E-A1E6-A9D776E5C49B", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.1:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "1C6E00FE-5FB9-4D20-A1A1-5A32128F9B76", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.1:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "35B26BE4-43A6-4A36-A7F6-5B3F572D9186", "vulnerable": true}], "negate": false, "operator": "OR"}]}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nperf/x86/amd: Fix crash due to race between amd_pmu_enable_all, perf NMI and throttling\n\namd_pmu_enable_all() does:\n\n if (!test_bit(idx, cpuc->active_mask))\n continue;\n\n amd_pmu_enable_event(cpuc->events[idx]);\n\nA perf NMI of another event can come between these two steps. Perf NMI\nhandler internally disables and enables _all_ events, including the one\nwhich nmi-intercepted amd_pmu_enable_all() was in process of enabling.\nIf that unintentionally enabled event has very low sampling period and\ncauses immediate successive NMI, causing the event to be throttled,\ncpuc->events[idx] and cpuc->active_mask gets cleared by x86_pmu_stop().\nThis will result in amd_pmu_enable_event() getting called with event=NULL\nwhen amd_pmu_enable_all() resumes after handling the NMIs. This causes a\nkernel crash:\n\n BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000198\n #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode\n #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page\n [...]\n Call Trace:\n <TASK>\n amd_pmu_enable_all+0x68/0xb0\n ctx_resched+0xd9/0x150\n event_function+0xb8/0x130\n ? hrtimer_start_range_ns+0x141/0x4a0\n ? perf_duration_warn+0x30/0x30\n remote_function+0x4d/0x60\n __flush_smp_call_function_queue+0xc4/0x500\n flush_smp_call_function_queue+0x11d/0x1b0\n do_idle+0x18f/0x2d0\n cpu_startup_entry+0x19/0x20\n start_secondary+0x121/0x160\n secondary_startup_64_no_verify+0xe5/0xeb\n </TASK>\n\namd_pmu_disable_all()/amd_pmu_enable_all() calls inside perf NMI handler\nwere recently added as part of BRS enablement but I'm not sure whether\nwe really need them. We can just disable BRS in the beginning and enable\nit back while returning from NMI. This will solve the issue by not\nenabling those events whose active_masks are set but are not yet enabled\nin hw pmu."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: perf/x86/amd: Se corrige el fallo debido a la competencia entre amd_pmu_enable_all, perf NMI y la limitaci\u00f3n. amd_pmu_enable_all() realiza lo siguiente: if (!test_bit(idx, cpuc-&gt;active_mask)) continue; amd_pmu_enable_event(cpuc-&gt;events[idx]); Un perf NMI de otro evento puede interponerse entre estos dos pasos. El controlador de perf NMI deshabilita y habilita internamente _todos_ los eventos, incluido el que amd_pmu_enable_all() interceptado por nmi estaba habilitando. Si ese evento habilitado involuntariamente tiene un per\u00edodo de muestreo muy bajo y causa NMI sucesivas inmediatas, lo que provoca su limitaci\u00f3n, x86_pmu_stop() borra cpuc-&gt;events[idx] y cpuc-&gt;active_mask. Esto provocar\u00e1 que amd_pmu_enable_event() se llame con event=NULL cuando amd_pmu_enable_all() se reanude tras gestionar las NMI. Esto provoca un fallo del kernel: BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000198 #PF: acceso de lectura del supervisor en modo kernel #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page [...] Rastreo de llamadas: amd_pmu_enable_all+0x68/0xb0 ctx_resched+0xd9/0x150 event_function+0xb8/0x130 ? hrtimer_start_range_ns+0x141/0x4a0 ? perf_duration_warn+0x30/0x30 remote_function+0x4d/0x60 __flush_smp_call_function_queue+0xc4/0x500 flush_smp_call_function_queue+0x11d/0x1b0 do_idle+0x18f/0x2d0 cpu_startup_entry+0x19/0x20 start_secondary+0x121/0x160 secondary_startup_64_no_verify+0xe5/0xeb amd_pmu_disable_all()/amd_pmu_enable_all() Las llamadas dentro del controlador NMI de rendimiento se a\u00f1adieron recientemente como parte de la habilitaci\u00f3n de BRS, pero no estoy seguro de si realmente las necesitamos. Podemos deshabilitar BRS al principio y volver a habilitarlo al regresar de NMI. Esto solucionar\u00e1 el problema al no habilitar los eventos cuyas m\u00e1scaras activas est\u00e9n configuradas, pero que a\u00fan no est\u00e9n habilitadas en la PMU de hardware."}], "id": "CVE-2022-49781", "lastModified": "2025-11-07T17:47:56.027", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 4.7, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.0, "impactScore": 3.6, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}, "published": "2025-05-01T15:16:01.307", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/baa014b9543c8e5e94f5d15b66abfe60750b8284"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fd5e454b856ed86b090336e269695d9908609b71"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Analyzed", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-362"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: perf/x86/amd: Fix crash due to race between amd_pmu_enable_all, perf NMI and throttling", "id": "2363407", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2363407"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "4.1", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "details": ["In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\nperf/x86/amd: Fix crash due to race between amd_pmu_enable_all, perf NMI and throttling\namd_pmu_enable_all() does:\nif (!test_bit(idx, cpuc->active_mask))\ncontinue;\namd_pmu_enable_event(cpuc->events[idx]);\nA perf NMI of another event can come between these two steps. Perf NMI\nhandler internally disables and enables _all_ events, including the one\nwhich nmi-intercepted amd_pmu_enable_all() was in process of enabling.\nIf that unintentionally enabled event has very low sampling period and\ncauses immediate successive NMI, causing the event to be throttled,\ncpuc->events[idx] and cpuc->active_mask gets cleared by x86_pmu_stop().\nThis will result in amd_pmu_enable_event() getting called with event=NULL\nwhen amd_pmu_enable_all() resumes after handling the NMIs. This causes a\nkernel crash:\nBUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000198\n#PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode\n#PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page\n[...]\nCall Trace:\n<TASK>\namd_pmu_enable_all+0x68/0xb0\nctx_resched+0xd9/0x150\nevent_function+0xb8/0x130\n? hrtimer_start_range_ns+0x141/0x4a0\n? perf_duration_warn+0x30/0x30\nremote_function+0x4d/0x60\n__flush_smp_call_function_queue+0xc4/0x500\nflush_smp_call_function_queue+0x11d/0x1b0\ndo_idle+0x18f/0x2d0\ncpu_startup_entry+0x19/0x20\nstart_secondary+0x121/0x160\nsecondary_startup_64_no_verify+0xe5/0xeb\n</TASK>\namd_pmu_disable_all()/amd_pmu_enable_all() calls inside perf NMI handler\nwere recently added as part of BRS enablement but I'm not sure whether\nwe really need them. We can just disable BRS in the beginning and enable\nit back while returning from NMI. This will solve the issue by not\nenabling those events whose active_masks are set but are not yet enabled\nin hw pmu."], "name": "CVE-2022-49781", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2025-05-01T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-49781\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-49781\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2025050119-CVE-2022-49781-4e5e@gregkh/T"], "statement": "A race condition in amd_pmu_enable_all() can lead to a NULL pointer dereference during perf NMI handling, potentially causing a kernel crash on AMD systems with Branch Sampling enabled. Exploitation requires root privileges and precise timing, making the attack surface limited and complex.", "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

{"created": "2025-06-24T09:44:12.442547+00:00", "updated": "2025-06-24T09:44:12.442618+00:00", "vendors": ["linux", "linux$PRODUCT$linux_kernel"]}