Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net: skbuff: preserve shared-frag marker during coalescing

skb_try_coalesce() can attach paged frags from @from to @to. If @from
has SKBFL_SHARED_FRAG set, the resulting @to skb can contain the same
externally-owned or page-cache-backed frags, but the shared-frag marker
is currently lost.

That breaks the invariant relied on by later in-place writers. In
particular, ESP input checks skb_has_shared_frag() before deciding
whether an uncloned nonlinear skb can skip skb_cow_data(). If TCP
receive coalescing has moved shared frags into an unmarked skb, ESP can
see skb_has_shared_frag() as false and decrypt in place over page-cache
backed frags.

Propagate SKBFL_SHARED_FRAG when skb_try_coalesce() transfers paged
frags. The tailroom copy path does not need the marker because it copies
bytes into @to's linear data rather than transferring frag descriptors.
Published: 2026-05-23
Score: 7.8 High
EPSS: < 1% Very Low
KEV: No
Impact: n/a
Action: n/a
AI Analysis

Impact

The Linux kernel networking subsystem contains a flaw in skb_try_coalesce(). When an skb that carries the SKBFL_SHARED_FRAG flag has its paged fragments transferred to another skb, the flag is omitted from the destination skb. This invalidates the invariant that later stages rely on and may cause in‑place decoders, such as ESP packet handlers, to assume they own the buffer. If this assumption is wrong, the kernel could write decryption output directly over page‑cache backed pages, resulting in an out‑of‑bounds write that corrupts kernel memory, potentially leading to data integrity violations, crashes, or denial‑of‑service. The bug maps to CWE‑123 (buffer size mismatch) and CWE‑787 (out‑of‑bounds write) vulnerability types.

Affected Systems

All Linux kernels that have not incorporated the patch that restores the SKBFL_SHARED_FRAG flag on coalesced skbs are affected. The CVE references a commit in the mainline kernel; no specific distribution or version range is provided, so version information is missing. The vulnerability resides in the core networking stack and therefore does not depend on a particular vendor or custom kernel build.

Risk and Exploitability

The documented CVSS score of 7.8 classifies this as high severity. The EPSS score is below 1% and it is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, indicating that no publicly known exploitation campaigns are reported. Based on the description, it is inferred that exploitation would require an attacker to trigger the coalescing path with packets carrying ESP payloads, which could be achieved by sending crafted traffic to the host either internally or externally, implying a potential remote attack vector. Because the bug results in kernel memory corruption, an attacker could achieve a denial‑of‑service or, if they can gain code execution, local privilege escalation.

Generated by OpenCVE AI on May 26, 2026 at 17:21 UTC.

Remediation

No vendor fix or workaround currently provided.

OpenCVE Recommended Actions

  • Upgrade the kernel to a version that includes the skb_try_coalesce() SKBFL_SHARED_FRAG preservation fix (the patch is available in the latest stable kernel releases).
  • If the system cannot be upgraded immediately, block or filter ESP/TCP traffic at the gateway or host firewall to prevent the flaw from being triggered while the fix is pending.
  • Continuously monitor system logs (dmesg, journalctl) for abnormal kernel crashes or memory corruption indicators and enforce kernel hardening measures such as enabling ASLR and employing SELinux/AppArmor.

Generated by OpenCVE AI on May 26, 2026 at 17:21 UTC.

Tracking

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Advisories
Source ID Title
Debian DLA Debian DLA DLA-4606-1 linux security update
Debian DLA Debian DLA DLA-4607-1 linux-6.1 security update
Debian DSA Debian DSA DSA-6295-1 linux security update
Debian DSA Debian DSA DSA-6306-1 linux security update
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8370-1 Linux kernel vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8371-1 Linux kernel vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8373-1 Linux kernel vulnerabilities
Ubuntu USN Ubuntu USN USN-8374-1 Linux kernel vulnerabilities
History

Tue, 26 May 2026 16:00:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Weaknesses CWE-787
CPEs cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.1:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.1:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.1:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.1:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*

Tue, 26 May 2026 13:45:00 +0000


Mon, 25 May 2026 06:45:00 +0000


Sat, 23 May 2026 13:30:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Description In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: skbuff: propagate shared-frag marker through frag-transfer helpers Two frag-transfer helpers (__pskb_copy_fclone() and skb_shift()) fail to propagate the SKBFL_SHARED_FRAG bit in skb_shinfo()->flags when moving frags from source to destination. __pskb_copy_fclone() defers the rest of the shinfo metadata to skb_copy_header() after copying frag descriptors, but that helper only carries over gso_{size,segs, type} and never touches skb_shinfo()->flags; skb_shift() moves frag descriptors directly and leaves flags untouched. As a result, the destination skb keeps a reference to the same externally-owned or page-cache-backed pages while reporting skb_has_shared_frag() as false. The mismatch is harmful in any in-place writer that uses skb_has_shared_frag() to decide whether shared pages must be detoured through skb_cow_data(). ESP input is one such writer (esp4.c, esp6.c), and a single nft 'dup to <local>' rule -- or any other nf_dup_ipv4() / xt_TEE caller -- is enough to land a pskb_copy()'d skb in esp_input() with the marker stripped, letting an unprivileged user write into the page cache of a root-owned read-only file via authencesn-ESN stray writes. Set SKBFL_SHARED_FRAG on the destination whenever frag descriptors were actually moved from the source. skb_copy() and skb_copy_expand() share skb_copy_header() too but linearize all paged data into freshly allocated head storage and emerge with nr_frags == 0, so skb_has_shared_frag() returns false on its own; they need no change. The same omission exists in skb_gro_receive() and skb_gro_receive_list(). The former moves the incoming skb's frag descriptors into the accumulator's last sub-skb via two paths (a direct frag-move loop and the head_frag + memcpy path); the latter chains the incoming skb whole onto p's frag_list. Downstream skb_segment() reads only skb_shinfo(p)->flags, and skb_segment_list() reuses each sub-skb's shinfo as the nskb -- both p and lp must carry the marker. The same omission also exists in tcp_clone_payload(), which builds an MTU probe skb by moving frag descriptors from skbs on sk_write_queue into a freshly allocated nskb. The helper falls into the same family and warrants the same fix for consistency; no TCP TX-side in-place writer is currently known to reach a user page through this gap, but a future consumer depending on the marker would regress silently. The same omission exists in skb_segment(): the per-iteration flag merge takes only head_skb's flag, and the inner switch that rebinds frag_skb to list_skb on head_skb-frags exhaustion does not fold the new frag_skb's flag into nskb. Fold frag_skb's flag at both sites so segments drawing frags from frag_list members carry the marker. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: skbuff: preserve shared-frag marker during coalescing skb_try_coalesce() can attach paged frags from @from to @to. If @from has SKBFL_SHARED_FRAG set, the resulting @to skb can contain the same externally-owned or page-cache-backed frags, but the shared-frag marker is currently lost. That breaks the invariant relied on by later in-place writers. In particular, ESP input checks skb_has_shared_frag() before deciding whether an uncloned nonlinear skb can skip skb_cow_data(). If TCP receive coalescing has moved shared frags into an unmarked skb, ESP can see skb_has_shared_frag() as false and decrypt in place over page-cache backed frags. Propagate SKBFL_SHARED_FRAG when skb_try_coalesce() transfers paged frags. The tailroom copy path does not need the marker because it copies bytes into @to's linear data rather than transferring frag descriptors.
Title net: skbuff: propagate shared-frag marker through frag-transfer helpers net: skbuff: preserve shared-frag marker during coalescing
References

Sat, 23 May 2026 12:15:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Description A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's XFRM ESP-in-TCP subsystem. This vulnerability, known as Fragnesia, allows a local attacker to achieve arbitrary byte writes into the kernel page cache of read-only files. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: skbuff: propagate shared-frag marker through frag-transfer helpers Two frag-transfer helpers (__pskb_copy_fclone() and skb_shift()) fail to propagate the SKBFL_SHARED_FRAG bit in skb_shinfo()->flags when moving frags from source to destination. __pskb_copy_fclone() defers the rest of the shinfo metadata to skb_copy_header() after copying frag descriptors, but that helper only carries over gso_{size,segs, type} and never touches skb_shinfo()->flags; skb_shift() moves frag descriptors directly and leaves flags untouched. As a result, the destination skb keeps a reference to the same externally-owned or page-cache-backed pages while reporting skb_has_shared_frag() as false. The mismatch is harmful in any in-place writer that uses skb_has_shared_frag() to decide whether shared pages must be detoured through skb_cow_data(). ESP input is one such writer (esp4.c, esp6.c), and a single nft 'dup to <local>' rule -- or any other nf_dup_ipv4() / xt_TEE caller -- is enough to land a pskb_copy()'d skb in esp_input() with the marker stripped, letting an unprivileged user write into the page cache of a root-owned read-only file via authencesn-ESN stray writes. Set SKBFL_SHARED_FRAG on the destination whenever frag descriptors were actually moved from the source. skb_copy() and skb_copy_expand() share skb_copy_header() too but linearize all paged data into freshly allocated head storage and emerge with nr_frags == 0, so skb_has_shared_frag() returns false on its own; they need no change. The same omission exists in skb_gro_receive() and skb_gro_receive_list(). The former moves the incoming skb's frag descriptors into the accumulator's last sub-skb via two paths (a direct frag-move loop and the head_frag + memcpy path); the latter chains the incoming skb whole onto p's frag_list. Downstream skb_segment() reads only skb_shinfo(p)->flags, and skb_segment_list() reuses each sub-skb's shinfo as the nskb -- both p and lp must carry the marker. The same omission also exists in tcp_clone_payload(), which builds an MTU probe skb by moving frag descriptors from skbs on sk_write_queue into a freshly allocated nskb. The helper falls into the same family and warrants the same fix for consistency; no TCP TX-side in-place writer is currently known to reach a user page through this gap, but a future consumer depending on the marker would regress silently. The same omission exists in skb_segment(): the per-iteration flag merge takes only head_skb's flag, and the inner switch that rebinds frag_skb to list_skb on head_skb-frags exhaustion does not fold the new frag_skb's flag into nskb. Fold frag_skb's flag at both sites so segments drawing frags from frag_list members carry the marker.
Title kernel: "Fragnesia" is a variant of Dirty Frag vulnerability in the ESP/XFRM leading to Local Privilege Escalation (LPE) vulnerability in the Linux kernel net: skbuff: propagate shared-frag marker through frag-transfer helpers
First Time appeared Linux linux Kernel
CPEs cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Vendors & Products Linux linux Kernel
References

Thu, 14 May 2026 14:15:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
First Time appeared Linux
Linux kernel
Vendors & Products Linux
Linux kernel

Thu, 14 May 2026 12:15:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Description A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's XFRM ESP-in-TCP subsystem. This vulnerability, known as Fragnesia, allows a local attacker to achieve arbitrary byte writes into the kernel page cache of read-only files.
Title kernel: "Fragnesia" is a variant of Dirty Frag vulnerability in the ESP/XFRM leading to Local Privilege Escalation (LPE) vulnerability in the Linux kernel
Weaknesses CWE-123
References
Metrics threat_severity

None

cvssV3_1

{'score': 7.8, 'vector': 'CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H'}

threat_severity

Important


Subscriptions

Linux Kernel Linux Kernel
cve-icon MITRE

Status: PUBLISHED

Assigner: Linux

Published:

Updated: 2026-05-30T10:49:36.824Z

Reserved: 2026-05-13T15:03:33.111Z

Link: CVE-2026-46300

cve-icon Vulnrichment

No data.

cve-icon NVD

Status : Modified

Published: 2026-05-23T12:17:02.660

Modified: 2026-05-30T11:17:28.003

Link: CVE-2026-46300

cve-icon Redhat

Severity : Important

Publid Date: 2026-05-13T12:00:00Z

Links: CVE-2026-46300 - Bugzilla

cve-icon OpenCVE Enrichment

Updated: 2026-05-26T17:30:10Z

Weaknesses