Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

KVM: nVMX: Reset MMU back to the root MMU if loading L2 state fails for !VM-Entry

Reset the vCPU's MMU pointer back to the root MMU if loading L2 state fails
in the "not from VM-Entry" case, i.e. when emulating RSM or handling
KVM_SET_NESTED_STATE. Failure to unwind the MMU pointer results in KVM
trying to run L1 with a nested MMU, and is especially problematic if the
vCPU manages to free its nested state before the VM crashes. Constructing
the root for a nested EPT MMU goes through vmcs12, which is dynamically
allocated/freed when nVMX is enabled/disabled. And so if the nested state
is freed with the MMU still pointing at the nested MMU, KVM will hit a NULL
pointer deref when attempting to get L1=>L2 EPTP.

BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000078
#PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode
#PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page
PGD 114a2d067 P4D 111743067 PUD 11141f067 PMD 0
Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP
CPU: 20 UID: 1000 PID: 1272 Comm: nested_tdp_faul Not tainted 7.3.0-rc4-8c89f11d1a99b-sink-vm #1914 PREEMPTLAZY
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 0.0.0 02/06/2015
RIP: 0010:nested_ept_get_eptp+0xb/0x10 [kvm_intel]
Call Trace:
<TASK>
kvm_mmu_load+0xcd/0x870 [kvm]
kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_run+0x18f5/0x1f80 [kvm]
kvm_vcpu_ioctl+0x2c7/0x970 [kvm]
__x64_sys_ioctl+0x90/0xd0
do_syscall_64+0x9c/0x4d0
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53
RIP: 0033:0x47491b
</TASK>
Modules linked in: kvm_intel kvm irqbypass
CR2: 0000000000000078
---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
RIP: 0010:nested_ept_get_eptp+0xb/0x10 [kvm_intel]

[sean: write changelog]
Published: 2026-10-28
Score: n/a
EPSS: n/a
KEV: No
Impact: Denial of Service via kernel crash
Action: Patch Kernel
AI Analysis

Impact

An uninitialized MMU pointer reset failure in the KVM nested‑virtualization code leads to a null pointer dereference when a guest attempts to load level‑2 state that fails outside a VM‑Entry. The kernel attempts to access a freed nested pointer, resulting in a kernel panic that crashes the host and all active virtual machines. This manifests as a denial of service to the host and its guests.

Affected Systems

The flaw targets the Linux kernel’s KVM subsystem on Intel hosts, specifically the kvm_intel module when nested virtualization is enabled. Any distribution that includes the standard kernel KVM implementation on Intel hardware is vulnerable if it has not applied the patch that resets the MMU pointer on failure. The advisory provides no specific version numbers, so all kernels built before the fix are potentially affected.

Risk and Exploitability

There’s no published CVSS score and the EPSS score is unavailable; it is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog. Based on the description, it is inferred that an attacker would need to run privileged code inside a guest that triggers the L2 state load failure, such as by invoking RSM or KVM_SET_NESTED_STATE. While the lack of documented exploitation evidence suggests the immediate threat is moderate, any untrusted guest could cause a host crash if the flaw is triggered.

Generated by OpenCVE AI on October 28, 2026 at 12:29 UTC.

Remediation

No solution or workaround provided in the CVE record.

OpenCVE Recommended Actions

  • Update the Linux kernel to a version that includes the KVM MMU reset fix.
  • If nested virtualization is not required, disable the kvm_intel module or kernel support for nested VMs to eliminate the vulnerable code path.
  • Continue monitoring dmesg and system logs for kernel panic messages related to nested EPT pointer access, and apply any future vendor advisories promptly.

Generated by OpenCVE AI on October 28, 2026 at 12:29 UTC.

Tracking

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Advisories

No advisories yet.

History

Wed, 28 Oct 2026 12:45:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Weaknesses CWE-476

Wed, 28 Oct 2026 10:45:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Description In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: nVMX: Reset MMU back to the root MMU if loading L2 state fails for !VM-Entry Reset the vCPU's MMU pointer back to the root MMU if loading L2 state fails in the "not from VM-Entry" case, i.e. when emulating RSM or handling KVM_SET_NESTED_STATE. Failure to unwind the MMU pointer results in KVM trying to run L1 with a nested MMU, and is especially problematic if the vCPU manages to free its nested state before the VM crashes. Constructing the root for a nested EPT MMU goes through vmcs12, which is dynamically allocated/freed when nVMX is enabled/disabled. And so if the nested state is freed with the MMU still pointing at the nested MMU, KVM will hit a NULL pointer deref when attempting to get L1=>L2 EPTP. BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000078 #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page PGD 114a2d067 P4D 111743067 PUD 11141f067 PMD 0 Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP CPU: 20 UID: 1000 PID: 1272 Comm: nested_tdp_faul Not tainted 7.3.0-rc4-8c89f11d1a99b-sink-vm #1914 PREEMPTLAZY Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 0.0.0 02/06/2015 RIP: 0010:nested_ept_get_eptp+0xb/0x10 [kvm_intel] Call Trace: <TASK> kvm_mmu_load+0xcd/0x870 [kvm] kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_run+0x18f5/0x1f80 [kvm] kvm_vcpu_ioctl+0x2c7/0x970 [kvm] __x64_sys_ioctl+0x90/0xd0 do_syscall_64+0x9c/0x4d0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53 RIP: 0033:0x47491b </TASK> Modules linked in: kvm_intel kvm irqbypass CR2: 0000000000000078 ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- RIP: 0010:nested_ept_get_eptp+0xb/0x10 [kvm_intel] [sean: write changelog]
Title KVM: nVMX: Reset MMU back to the root MMU if loading L2 state fails for !VM-Entry
First Time appeared Linux
Linux linux Kernel
CPEs cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Vendors & Products Linux
Linux linux Kernel
References

Subscriptions

Linux Linux Kernel
cve-icon MITRE

Status: PUBLISHED

Assigner: Linux

Published:

Updated: 2026-10-28T10:35:30.615Z

Reserved: 2026-09-25T10:25:14.399Z

Link: CVE-2026-99176

cve-icon Vulnrichment

No data.

cve-icon NVD

Status : Received

Published: 2026-10-28T11:17:38.270

Modified: 2026-10-28T11:17:38.270

Link: CVE-2026-99176

cve-icon Redhat

No data.

cve-icon OpenCVE Enrichment

Updated: 2026-10-28T12:30:17Z

Weaknesses